“…The effective Q factor for MAC mode was much superior to that for AAC mode. These results strongly indicate that low drive force was sufficient to give rise to an effective peak for flexible cantilevers in MAC mode, probably because the magnetic field only had to drive the Figure 1 Comparison of the performance of a 0.6 N/m cantilever in MAC mode with that in AAC mode [26] . (a) 30% drive-on amplitude in MAC mode; (b) 30% drive-on amplitude in AAC mode; (c) 4% drive-on amplitude in MAC mode; (d) 4% drive-on amplitude in AAC mode.…”
Section: Magnetic Ac Mode Afmmentioning
confidence: 95%
“…In a recent study [26] , we compared vibration graphs of cantilevers driven by MAC mode and AAC mode (using a classical tapping mode AFM with PicoPlus controls (Agilent Corp.)) for cell culture medium (DMEM and 10% fetal calf serum). To better understand the frequency shift of the cantilevers in cell growth medium, we chose relatively stiff (with a spring constant of 0.6 N/m) and flexible cantilevers (with a spring constant of 0.03 N/m) to compare MAC mode and AAC mode under different driven forces (drive-on).…”
Section: Magnetic Ac Mode Afmmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Comparison of the performance of a 0.03 N/m cantilever in MAC mode with that in AAC mode [26] . (a) 30% drive-on amplitude in MAC mode; (b) 30% drive-on amplitude in AAC mode; (c) 4% drive-on amplitude in MAC mode; (d) 4% drive-on amplitude in AAC mode.…”
Atomic force microscopy is a novel method for imaging and characterization in biomedicine. However, high-resolution imaging of living samples from cells to tissues still remains a challenge. In this paper, two types of AFM working mode (contact mode and tapping mode) which are utilized for the imaging of living cells and tissues are discussed. A new magnetic tapping mode (MAC mode), which is more suitable for living samples, and a novel data collecting system named TREC, are also introduced.
“…The effective Q factor for MAC mode was much superior to that for AAC mode. These results strongly indicate that low drive force was sufficient to give rise to an effective peak for flexible cantilevers in MAC mode, probably because the magnetic field only had to drive the Figure 1 Comparison of the performance of a 0.6 N/m cantilever in MAC mode with that in AAC mode [26] . (a) 30% drive-on amplitude in MAC mode; (b) 30% drive-on amplitude in AAC mode; (c) 4% drive-on amplitude in MAC mode; (d) 4% drive-on amplitude in AAC mode.…”
Section: Magnetic Ac Mode Afmmentioning
confidence: 95%
“…In a recent study [26] , we compared vibration graphs of cantilevers driven by MAC mode and AAC mode (using a classical tapping mode AFM with PicoPlus controls (Agilent Corp.)) for cell culture medium (DMEM and 10% fetal calf serum). To better understand the frequency shift of the cantilevers in cell growth medium, we chose relatively stiff (with a spring constant of 0.6 N/m) and flexible cantilevers (with a spring constant of 0.03 N/m) to compare MAC mode and AAC mode under different driven forces (drive-on).…”
Section: Magnetic Ac Mode Afmmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Comparison of the performance of a 0.03 N/m cantilever in MAC mode with that in AAC mode [26] . (a) 30% drive-on amplitude in MAC mode; (b) 30% drive-on amplitude in AAC mode; (c) 4% drive-on amplitude in MAC mode; (d) 4% drive-on amplitude in AAC mode.…”
Atomic force microscopy is a novel method for imaging and characterization in biomedicine. However, high-resolution imaging of living samples from cells to tissues still remains a challenge. In this paper, two types of AFM working mode (contact mode and tapping mode) which are utilized for the imaging of living cells and tissues are discussed. A new magnetic tapping mode (MAC mode), which is more suitable for living samples, and a novel data collecting system named TREC, are also introduced.
“…The applications in biology, polymer science and microelectronics illustrate the potential of phase-imaging force microscopy for nanoscale analysis Garfias-García et al, 2008). Magnetic alternating current mode AFM is a very useful tool to image soft materials in liquid, where ordinary TM is difficult due to poor resonance of the cantilever (Ge et al, 2007).…”
“…Both the tissue mass mentioned above and the cover slip coated by rCMECs were fixed for the routine examination of living endothelial cells in SEM according to the methodology of the previous work (Ge et al, 2007). Samples were dehydrated in graded ethanol solutions, critical point dried and sputter coated with 20 nm of gold.…”
Vesicles or caveolae within endothelial cells, fusing together to form vacuolar organelles, are implicated in macromolecular transport and cellular element transmigration across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) during inflammation and ischemia. Vacuolar organelles have been described by transmission electron microscopy and immunofluorescence, but the details of their dynamics have not been well addressed yet. Herein, by using tapping mode atomic force microscopy (AFM), we observed the time-series changes of fused vesicles within the serum-free cultured rat cerebral microvessel endothelial cells. The fused vesicles were certainly proved by fluorescent staining of Fm4-64 combining simultaneous AFM imaging, as well as the field emission scanning electron microscopy technique. And energy dispersive spectrum results additionally implied that there may be specific structure and compositions around the vesicle region. These results indicate that increased vesicles in BBB may contribute to the formation of fused vesicles and a higher probability to construct the trans-endothelial channel across endothelium layer. Furthermore, the AFM application may open up a new approach to investigate the details of transcellular process by fused vesicles.
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