M

Oppermann, Klaus

doi:10.1007/978-3-322-93140-5_13

Cited by 5 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…The partial down-regulation in CCR5 following PBMC migration to CCL5 across the IVBBB is not incompatible with the presence of CCR5+ mononuclear cells in the perivascular space and in chronic active MS lesions. CCR5 recycling back to the cell surface after initial receptor internalization occurs and may increase following ligand sequestration [8,11]. It is also possible that pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines produced by astrocytes, microglia and early infiltrating leukocytes may activate infiltrating monocytes within the brain parenchyma, resulting in de novo CCR5 synthesis with subsequent increased surface expression on monocytes/macrophages.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These adaptive mechanisms (active in many G-protein coupled receptors [GPCRs]) operate within different time frames after ligand-receptor interactions [8][9][10][11]. Processes underlying GPCR modulation include ligand-induced internalization, with subsequent recycling or degradation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Processes underlying GPCR modulation include ligand-induced internalization, with subsequent recycling or degradation. Depending on the receptor's post-internalization fate, this process can alter total cellular receptor expression, within several hours [8,10,11]. These processes are dependent on C-terminal receptor phosphorylation by a family of serine threonine protein kinases known as G-protein coupled receptor kinases [8,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…β-arrestins also serve as adaptor proteins that link phosphorylated CCR5 to clathrin in order to mediate receptor internalization via endocytosis [8,9,11,13]. Arrestins can additionally act as adaptors in signaling processes [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ligand-activated CCR5 also undergoes caveolae-dependent endocytosis, independent of receptor phosphorylation and β-arrestin/ clathrin pathways. Following receptor internalization, CCR5 accumulates in the perinuclear recycling endosomes and returns to the plasma membrane in a dephosphorylated form [8,11,13,15]. CCR5 surface expression depends on removal of ligand through sequestration, dissociation from the receptor and endosomal degradation [8,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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CCR5 expression on monocytes and T cells: Modulation by transmigration across the blood–brain barrier in vitro

Ubogu

Callahan

Tucky

et al. 2006

Cellular Immunology

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Observational studies in multiple sclerosis (MS) demonstrated altered expression of chemokine receptors (CkRs) on comparable populations of mononuclear cells (e.g. CD4 + /CD45RO + T-cells) in brain sections compared with blood. These findings raised questions about the regulation of CkRs on trafficking cells. Regulatory processes for CkRs are complex: examples include down-regulation following ligand engagement during migration and either up-or down-regulation following activation. Additionally, CkRs that mediate transmigration without being down-regulated will be selectively enriched on migrating cells in the inflammatory site. Finally, CkRs may act as functionally neutral markers of activated cells capable of undergoing transmigration. Clarifying CkR regulation may aid in the selection and application of antagonists for treating neuroinflammation. Mechanisms of receptor regulation during transmigration cannot be studied by descriptive methods. We evaluated CCR5 expression on CD14+ monocytes and CD3+ T-cells following CCL5-driven transmigration through an in vitro blood-brain barrier (IVBBB), as both T-cells and monocytes in MS lesions express CCR5. CCR5 expression was augmented on non-migrating CD14+ but not CD3+ cells, suggesting selective activation of monocytes by incubation in contact with endothelial cells. As proposed from observational studies, CCR5 was enriched on monocytes that migrated spontaneously in the absence of exogenous chemokine. Addition of the CCR5 ligand CCL5 to the lower chamber led to enhanced CD3+ T-cell migration. Interestingly, CCR5 was down-regulated on both CD14+ monocytes and CD3+ T cells during CCL5-driven migration. These results are distinct from those obtained in comparable studies of CCR2 and CXCR3, suggesting that the specifics for CkR expression should be studied for individual receptors on each leukocyte subpopulation during the design of strategies for pharmacological blockade in neuroinflammation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

CCR5 expression on monocytes and T cells: Modulation by transmigration across the blood–brain barrier in vitro

Ubogu

Callahan

Tucky

et al. 2006

Cellular Immunology

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HIV-1 gp120/V3-derived epitopes promote activation-induced cell death to superantigen-stimulated CD4+/CD45RO+ T cells

Porichis

Vlata²,

Hatzidakis³

et al. 2007

Immunology Letters

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Divine Representation in Documentary Style: Gods on the Columns of Trajan and Marcus Aurelius

Runeckles

2023

J. Rom. Stud.

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This article examines the important roles played by gods in the friezes of the Columns of Trajan and Marcus Aurelius and argues that they are treated in a distinctive ‘documentary’ style, comparable in certain ways to accounts of divine action in Roman historiography and designed to produce a compelling narrative effect. First, the Columns and the deities they depict are discussed. The article then looks at cognate descriptions of gods in historiographical texts. Finally, other contemporary monuments that portray the gods are briefly examined to bring out further the distinctive character of the gods on the Columns. This analysis will be seen to have wider implications for our understanding of ‘historical narrative reliefs’ and imperial representation.

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M

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

CCR5 expression on monocytes and T cells: Modulation by transmigration across the blood–brain barrier in vitro

CCR5 expression on monocytes and T cells: Modulation by transmigration across the blood–brain barrier in vitro

HIV-1 gp120/V3-derived epitopes promote activation-induced cell death to superantigen-stimulated CD4+/CD45RO+ T cells

Divine Representation in Documentary Style: Gods on the Columns of Trajan and Marcus Aurelius

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