M-mode echocardiographic evaluation of fetal and infant hearts: Longitudinal follow-up study from intrauterine life to year one

Veille, Jean-Claude; Hanson, Regina; Steele, Linda; Tatum, Karen

doi:10.1016/s0002-9378(96)80026-3

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The 95th percentile of the IVSD and IVSS were 4.57 mm and 6.67 mm, respectively. These findings were not similar to the previous studies [20][21][22][23] which reported that the mean septal size during both diastole and systole were increased significantly in a linear fashion with advancing gestation from 18 weeks to term.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…[20][21][22][23] Tan et al 21 showed that the 95 th percentile of the IVSD among 100 normal fetuses from 32 to 35 weeks gestation was approximately 4 mm, whereas Veille et al 22 reported that these values of the IVSD and IVSS were approximately 3.0 mm and 4.5 mm, respectively. Zielinsky 10 found that the asymmetrical septal hypertrophy among the fetuses of diabetic mothers had the mean IVST of 7.12 + 1.6 mm at the mean gestational age of 32 weeks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fetal Cardiac Interventricular Septal Thickness at 28–37 Weeks of Gestation in Nepalese Population

2013

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Objective: The purpose of this study is to establish a new reference range for fetal interventricular septal thickness in uncomplicated pregnancy at 28-37 weeks of gestation. Materials and Methodology: This was a prospective cross sectional study involving 300 singleton pregnancies between 28-37 weeks of gestation without any known risk factors of adverse pregnancy outcome who were referred for routine obstetric examination. The protocol included the prenatal 2-dimensional M-mode echocardiographic measurements of fetal IVST and data were used to construct the normograms and percentile fitted curves for different gestational age. The relationship between the IVSD and IVSS and gestational age were determined. Results: A total of 300 measurements were obtained. The normal values of the IVSD and IVSS according to gestational age were presented as 5 th , 50 th and 95 th percentile ranks. The correlation coefficients (r) between the IVSD and IVSS and gestational age were 0.19 and 0.14, respectively. The weak correlation may be probably due to small sample size. The IVSD and IVSS were not statistically different with advancing gestation. The 95 th percentile of the IVSD was 4.57 millimeters (mm) (range =4.12 to 4.62 mm) and IVSS was 6.67 mm (range = 5.81 to 6.77 mm). Conclusion: The normal values of fetal IVSD and IVSS in a Nepalese population from 28 to 37 weeks' gestation were established. This could be used as a baseline data in detecting the asymmetrical septal hypertrophy during fetal life.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetal Cardiac Interventricular Septal Thickness at 28–37 Weeks of Gestation in Nepalese Population

2013

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“…The degree and prevalence of cardiac dysfunction in FGR has been evaluated using venous Doppler as well as cardiac M-mode and Doppler techniques [6,7,8,12,14,26,27]. Because several mechanisms may lead to abnormal venous Doppler waveforms, their assessment only provides an indirect estimate of cardiac function [1,7,9,28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular Transition to Extrauterine Life in Growth-Restricted Neonates: Relationship with Prenatal Doppler Findings

Turan¹,

Turan²,

Salim

et al. 2012

Fetal Diagn Ther

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Objective: Cardiovascular status in fetal growth restriction (FGR) can be classified by the severity of individual Doppler abnormalities (early and late) or by the rate of clinical progression. We tested the hypothesis that aspects of the fetal cardiovascular status in FGR affect neonatal cardiovascular findings. Study Design: FGR cases [abdominal circumference <5th percentile and an elevated umbilical (MCA) artery (UA) pulsatility index] had UA, middle cerebral artery and ductus venosus (DV) Doppler. Positive UA end-diastolic velocity and/or a low MCA pulsatility index denoted early and absent/reversed UA end-diastolic velocity, whereas an increased DV pulsatility index for veins denoted late responses. The rate of progression was classified into mild, progressive and severe. After delivery, shunt dynamics and blood flow across the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), foramen ovale and atriaventricular valves, myocardial contractility and pharmacologic pressor requirement were noted at neonatal echocardiography. These findings were related to prenatal Doppler parameters. Results: In 94 patients, only individual Doppler parameters related to neonatal echocardiographic findings. Absent/reversed UA DV significantly predicted PDA with right to left shunt (p = 0.016). The pressor need for cardiovascular instability was observed in neonates with abnormal prenatal DV Doppler and with lower birth weights delivered at earlier gestational age (p < 0.0001 for both). Pressor need was significantly related to neonatal death (Nagelkerke R² = 0.35, p = 0.002). Conclusion: A markedly abnormal UA Doppler predisposes growth-restricted neonates to persistence of fetal circulation associated with right to left shunting. Abnormal venous Doppler is a risk factor for cardiovascular instability which in turn significantly contributes to neonatal mortality. Further clarification of the neonatal cardiovascular transition may be helpful in guiding early neonatal assessment and management.

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“…Conventionally, the thickness of the ventricular wall is measured in the M-mode, which is highly dependent on the movement and position of the fetus [7,27]. To minimize this limitation and obtain a more adequate and reliable parameter, STIC-M mode can be used, allowing easy acquisition of the long axis of the interventricular septum and, consequently, resulting in more accurate and reproducible measurements [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Traditionally, fetal cardiac dimensions are recorded using the M-mode [7]. However, this technique is dependent on fetal position and movements as well as maternal respiratory movements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetal Myocardial Wall Area: Constructing a Reference Range by Means of Spatiotemporal Image Correlation in the Rendering Mode

Barros¹,

Moron²,

Rôlo³

et al. 2014

Fetal Diagn Ther

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Objective: To establish the reference range of the myocardial wall area in the fetus using three-dimensional ultrasound in the rendering mode. Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional study including 371 singleton, uncomplicated pregnancies at 20 weeks 0 day to 33 weeks 6 days of gestation was carried out. Cardiac volumes were obtained using spatiotemporal image correlation (STIC) at the level of the four-chamber view. The end-diastolic myocardial area of the both ventricles was measured manually. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to assess intra- and interobserver concordance. Results: The mean myocardial area of the fetal right ventricular (RV) wall ranged from 0.86 ± 0.23 cm² at 20 weeks 0 day to 2.75 ± 0.69 cm² at 33 weeks 6 days of gestation. The mean myocardial area of the fetal left ventricular (LV) wall ranged from 0.82 ± 0.20 cm² at 20 weeks 0 day to 2.49 ± 0.59 cm² at 33 weeks 6 days of gestation. In addition, intra- and interobserver concordance for the myocardial area of the RV and LV walls was good, with ICC values of 0.94, 0.95, 0.85, and 0.93, respectively. Conclusions: The reference range for the myocardial area of the RV and LV walls was determined by cardio-STIC in the rendering mode at 20 weeks 0 day to 33 weeks 6 days of gestation, with good concordance between values.

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M-mode echocardiographic evaluation of fetal and infant hearts: Longitudinal follow-up study from intrauterine life to year one

Cited by 18 publications

References 23 publications

Fetal Cardiac Interventricular Septal Thickness at 28–37 Weeks of Gestation in Nepalese Population

Fetal Cardiac Interventricular Septal Thickness at 28–37 Weeks of Gestation in Nepalese Population

Cardiovascular Transition to Extrauterine Life in Growth-Restricted Neonates: Relationship with Prenatal Doppler Findings

Fetal Myocardial Wall Area: Constructing a Reference Range by Means of Spatiotemporal Image Correlation in the Rendering Mode

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