M cell pockets of human Peyer's patches are specialized extensions of germinal centers

Yamanaka, Takeshi; Straumfors, Anne; Morton, H. Craig; Fausa, O; Brandtzæg, Per; Farstad, Inger Nina

doi:10.1002/1521-4141(200101)31:1<107::aid-immu107>3.0.co;2-4

Cited by 60 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…7, F-H). This was in contrast to the situation in M cell pockets of human adults in which B cells consistently expressed Bcl-2 at a high level along with the post-GC marker CD27 (16).…”

Section: Expression Of Bcl-2 On Pp B Cells After Microbial Colonizationcontrasting

confidence: 88%

“…In each immunostained section, infiltrating cells were counted from all FAE areas (median number, 5; range, [3][4][5][6][7][8] and recorded as the average number of positive cells per FAE area. Putative M cell pockets were identified by intraepithelial clustering of B and T cells as described previously (15,16).…”

Section: Immunohistochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In human PPs from adolescents and young adults, we have previously shown that M cells harbor equal numbers of memory B and T cells (15). Moreover, we found that the M cell-associated memory B cells by far outnumber juxtaposed DCs and expressed the costimulatory molecules B7.1 (CD80) and B7.2 (CD86) at high levels, and that the M cell-associated memory T cells often expressed the CD40 ligand (CD154), suggesting B-T cell cognate interactions via CD40-CD154 ligation in the pockets (16). In adult humans, the M cell areas, identified by clustered B cells with strong CD80/CD86 expression, were always spatially related to germinal center (GC) extensions from the underlying B cell follicles.…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Therefore, we proposed that the M cell areas are important not only for Ag uptake, but also for cognate B-T cell interactions against recall Ags and subsequent B cell survival as well as differentiation. This notion was supported by mechanistic in vitro studies with a similarly induced memory B cell phenotype from peripheral blood (16). However, it has remained unclear how the memory B and T cells establish their dominance in the M cell pockets.…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In adult humans, the M cell areas, identified by clustered B cells with strong CD80/CD86 expression, were always spatially related to germinal center (GC) extensions from the underlying B cell follicles. Notably, however, the M cell-associated memory B cell phenotype (surface (s) IgD (16). Therefore, we proposed that the M cell areas are important not only for Ag uptake, but also for cognate B-T cell interactions against recall Ags and subsequent B cell survival as well as differentiation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Microbial Colonization Drives Lymphocyte Accumulation and Differentiation in the Follicle-Associated Epithelium of Peyer’s Patches

Yamanaka

Helgeland

Farstad

et al. 2003

The Journal of Immunology

Self Cite

144

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Peyer’s patches (PPs) are lined by follicle-associated epithelium (FAE) with Ag-transporting M cells. To investigate the spatial relationships of B cells, T cells, and dendritic cells (DCs) in PPs during microbial colonization, their in situ redistribution was examined in germfree (GF) rats exposed to a conventional pathogen-free microflora (conventionalized, CV). Although occasional B and T cells occurred in the FAE of GF rats, it contained mainly immature DCs (CD4+CD86−), whereas mature DCs (CD86high) were seen in the interfollicular zones even under GF conditions. In CV rats, DCs had disappeared from the FAE, which instead contained clusters by B and T cells associated with induction of putative M cell pockets. CD86 was seen neither in the FAE nor in the follicles under GF conditions, but it became apparent on intraepithelial B cells 5 wk after colonization. The level of CD86 on these B cells was comparable to that on germinal center B cells, although the B cell follicles did not show direct contact with the M cell areas. B cells in the follicular mantles acquired Bcl-2 after 12 wk in CV rats, whereas B cells in the FAE did not express Bcl-2 at a substantial level throughout the experimental period. The cellular redistribution patterns and phenotypic characteristics observed after colonization suggested that immature DCs, but not B cells, are involved in Ag presentation during primary immune responses against intestinal bacteria. However, the spatial cellular relationships sequentially being established among DCs, B cells, and T cells in PPs, are most likely important for the induction of post-germinal center B cells subsequently residing within the M cell pockets.

show abstract

“…7, F-H). This was in contrast to the situation in M cell pockets of human adults in which B cells consistently expressed Bcl-2 at a high level along with the post-GC marker CD27 (16).…”

Section: Expression Of Bcl-2 On Pp B Cells After Microbial Colonizationcontrasting

confidence: 88%

Section: Immunohistochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 93%

mentioning

confidence: 95%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Microbial Colonization Drives Lymphocyte Accumulation and Differentiation in the Follicle-Associated Epithelium of Peyer’s Patches

Yamanaka

Helgeland

Farstad

et al. 2003

The Journal of Immunology

Self Cite

144

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

The Mucosal Immune Response

Fujihashi

Boyaka

McGhee

2010

Topley &Amp; Wilson's Microbiology and Microbial Infections

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ultramicroscopic Examination of the Ovine Tonsillar Epithelia

Casteleyn

Cornelissen

Simoens

et al. 2010

The Anatomical Record

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

As solid morphological knowledge of ovine tonsillar epithelia might contribute to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of several diseases including prion diseases, the epithelia of all tonsils of 7 one-yearold Texel sheep were examined using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Major parts of the pharyngeal and tubal tonsils were covered by pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelia that were interrupted by patches of epithelium containing cells with densely packed microfolds or microvilli, and cells with both microvilli and cilia. Smaller parts were covered by either flattened polygonal cells with densely packed microvilli or microfolds, squamous epithelial cells, or patches of reticular epithelium. The palatine and paraepiglottic tonsils were mainly lined by squamous epithelial cells with apical microplicae or short knobs. Additionally, regions of reticular epithelium containing epithelial cells with apical microvilli were seen. The lingual tonsil was uniformly covered by a keratinized squamous epithelium and devoid of microvillous cells and patches of reticular epithelium. The rostral half of the tonsil of the soft palate was lined by a pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium with characteristics of the pharyngeal and tubal tonsils. The epithelium of the caudal part resembled the epithelia of the palatine and paraepiglottic tonsils. Putative M cells, mainly characterized by apical microvilli or microfolds and a close association with lymphoid cells, seem manifestly present on the nasopharyngeal tonsils. The reticular epithelium of the palatine and paraepiglottic tonsils also harbor cells with small apical microvilli. The exact nature of these presumptive M cells should, however, be elucidated in functional studies. Anat Rec,

show abstract

M cell pockets of human Peyer's patches are specialized extensions of germinal centers

Cited by 60 publications

References 31 publications

Microbial Colonization Drives Lymphocyte Accumulation and Differentiation in the Follicle-Associated Epithelium of Peyer’s Patches

Microbial Colonization Drives Lymphocyte Accumulation and Differentiation in the Follicle-Associated Epithelium of Peyer’s Patches

The Mucosal Immune Response

Ultramicroscopic Examination of the Ovine Tonsillar Epithelia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About