LytR plays a role in normal septum formation and contributes to full virulence in Streptococcus suis

Huang, Wenhua; Chen, Ying; Li, Qian; Jiang, Hua; Lv, Qingyu; Zheng, Yinan; Han, Xuelian; Kong, Decong; Liu, Peng; Jiang, Yongqiang

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2021.109003

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…One study reported no effect of the CPS on adherence to cervical epithelial HeLa cells[ 22 ]. The CPS contributes to S. suis blood survival [ 21 , 23 ] and to immune evasion by decreasing phagocytosis [ 21 , 22 , 24–29 ], increasing intracellular survival in PMN [ 23 ], dampening the innate immune response and decreasing complement activation [ 25 , 26 , 28–30 ]. The CPS decreases S. suis adherence to and invasion of meningeal cells and fetal astrocytes [ 31 ] and the adherence to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) [ 21 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Streptococcus suis putative zoonotic virulence factors: A systematic review and genomic meta-analysis

et al. 2021

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Streptococcus suis is an emerging zoonotic pathogen. Over 100 putative virulence factors have been described, but it is unclear to what extent these virulence factors could contribute to zoonotic potential of S. suis . We identified all S. suis virulence factors studied in experimental models of human origin in a systematic review and assessed their contribution to zoonotic potential in a subsequent genomic meta-analysis. PubMed and Scopus were searched for English-language articles that studied S. suis virulence published until 31 March 2021. Articles that analyzed a virulence factor by knockout mutation, purified protein, and/or recombinant protein in a model of human origin, were included. Data on virulence factor, strain characteristics, used human models and experimental outcomes were extracted. All publicly available S. suis genomes with available metadata on host, disease status and country of origin, were included in a genomic meta-analysis. We calculated the ratio of the prevalence of each virulence factor in human and pig isolates. We included 130 articles and 1703 S. suis genomes in the analysis. We identified 53 putative virulence factors that were encoded by genes which are part of the S. suis core genome and 26 factors that were at least twice as prevalent in human isolates as in pig isolates. Hhly3 and NisK/R were particularly enriched in human isolates, after stratification by genetic lineage and country of isolation. This systematic review and genomic meta-analysis have identified virulence factors that are likely to contribute to the zoonotic potential of S. suis .

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Streptococcus suis putative zoonotic virulence factors: A systematic review and genomic meta-analysis

et al. 2021

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“…Numerous studies have demonstrated that neutrophils fail to eliminate serotype 2 S. suis strains [39,40,44,71,80,[85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92], although some studies reported important S. suis killing by neutrophils (from 40% to 80% of killing) [42,69,80,[93][94][95][96][97][98]. As evocated previously, methodological differences may explain this discrepancy.…”

Section: Killing Of S Suis By Neutrophils: Still a Controversymentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The authors compared S. suis ability to resist neutrophil-mediated killing in its planktonic and biofilm forms and observed that biofilm protects bacteria against killing by neutrophils [69]. Indeed, another study reported that resistance to killing by neutrophils involved the bacterial factor LytR through its participation to biofilm formation and/or nucleotide biosynthesis [92].…”

Section: S Suis Strategies To Resist Neutrophil-mediated Phagocytosis...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutrophils in Streptococcus suis Infection: From Host Defense to Pathology

2021

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Streptococcus suis is a swine pathogen and zoonotic agent responsible for economic losses to the porcine industry. Infected animals may develop meningitis, arthritis, endocarditis, sepsis and/or sudden death. The pathogenesis of the infection implies that bacteria breach mucosal host barriers and reach the bloodstream, where they escape immune-surveillance mechanisms and spread throughout the organism. The clinical manifestations are mainly the consequence of an exacerbated inflammation, defined by an exaggerated production of cytokines and recruitment of immune cells. Among them, neutrophils arrive first in contact with the pathogens to combat the infection. Neutrophils initiate and maintain inflammation, by producing cytokines and deploying their arsenal of antimicrobial mechanisms. Furthermore, neutrophilic leukocytosis characterizes S. suis infection, and lesions of infected subjects contain a large number of neutrophils. Therefore, this cell type may play a role in host defense and/or in the exacerbated inflammation. Nevertheless, a limited number of studies addressed the role or functions of neutrophils in the context of S. suis infection. In this review, we will explore the literature about S. suis and neutrophils, from their interaction at a cellular level, to the roles and behaviors of neutrophils in the infected host in vivo.

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“…As shown in Figure 6(b) , the hemolytic activity of ΔsRNA23 was significantly lower than WT, indicating that sRNA23 is involved in the regulation of hemolytic activity in S. suis. S. suis often causes sepsis, and the ability to survive and grow in whole blood is important for S. suis to cause infection [ 29 ]. We examined the ability of 05ZYH33, ΔsRNA23, and C-ΔsRNA23 strains to survive in phagocytic cells such as pig whole blood and RAW264.7 cells.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

sRNA23, a novel small RNA, regulates to the pathogenesis ofStreptococcus suisserotype 2

Hong

Sun

et al. 2021

Virulence

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Streptococcus suis serotype 2 ( S. suis 2) is an important ubiquitous zoonotic pathogen. To date, regulatory factors and their implication in S. suis pathogenesis are not fully understood. Small non-coding RNAs (sRNAs) have been proven to function as important regulatory factors in bacterial pathogenesis and stress adaptation. Here, we identified a differentially downregulated S. suis 05ZYH33 sRNA after iron starvation by RNA-seq, which we named sRNA23. The presence of sRNA23 was further confirmed by RACE and Northern blot. Expression of sRNA23 was significantly altered under different environmental stresses such as nutritional starvation, osmotic pressure, oxidative stress, and lysozymal exposure. A sRNA23-deleted mutant exhibited relatively shorter streptococcal chains and weakened biofilm-forming ability. The mutation also resulted in decreased adherence of the S. suis 05ZYH33 to human laryngeal epidermoid carcinoma (HEp-2) cells, increased sensitivity to phagocytosis by RAW264.7 macrophages, and significantly reduced hemolytic activity. Furthermore, we observed that a sRNA23-deleted mutant had a low survival rate in pig whole blood and attenuated virulence in a mouse model. Moreover, based on RNA pull-down and electrophoretic mobility shift assay, we found that sRNA23 can directly bind to two proteins involved in adhesion and biofilm formation, namely, moonlighting protein FBA (fructose diphosphate aldolase) and rplB (50S ribosomal protein L2), respectively. Collectively, sRNA23 enhances S. suis 2 pathogenicity and the binding between sRNA23 and FBA/rplB might play an essential role in the adherence and biofilm-forming ability of S. suis 2. Abbreviation sRNA: small noncoding RNA; FBA: fructose diphosphate aldolase; rplB: 50S ribosomal protein L2; RACE: rapid amplification of cDNA ends; EMSA: electrophoretic mobility shift assay; THB: Todd-Hewitt broth; FBS: fetal bovine serum; BIP: 2,2ʹ-Bipyridine

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LytR plays a role in normal septum formation and contributes to full virulence in Streptococcus suis

Cited by 8 publications

References 37 publications

Identification of Streptococcus suis putative zoonotic virulence factors: A systematic review and genomic meta-analysis

Identification of Streptococcus suis putative zoonotic virulence factors: A systematic review and genomic meta-analysis

Neutrophils in Streptococcus suis Infection: From Host Defense to Pathology

sRNA23, a novel small RNA, regulates to the pathogenesis ofStreptococcus suisserotype 2

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