Lysozyme gene expression in inflammatory bowel disease

Stamp, Gordon; Poulsom, Richard; Chung, Lap-Ping; Keshav, Satish; Jeffery, Rosemary; Longcroft, J.A.; Pignatelli, Massimo; Wright, N A

doi:10.1016/0016-5085(92)90843-n

“…Lys is a neutrophil‐derived enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of gram‐positive bacterial cell walls 14. In UC, fecal lysozyme originates to large parts from intestinal loss of granulocytes and their secretory granules 26. Previous studies have provided support that fecal lysozyme can be used to assess disease activity in IBD27 and to discriminate IBD and colorectal cancer from healthy controls and from functional bowel disorders 28…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of 4 Neutrophil-Derived Proteins in Feces As Indicators of Disease Activity in Ulcerative Colitis

Langhorst

¹

,

Elsenbruch

²

,

Mueller

³

et al. 2005

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

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“…An indication for this is the lower degree of polymerization of the HMM-CHM of patients with Crohn's disease (25 compared with 40 for healthy subjects). Faecal lysozyme is largely of neutrophil origin [21] and elevated levels are the result of granulocyte infiltration of the mucosa. Exacerbation of the disease and consequently increasing lysozyme activity in the intestine might decrease the viscosity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and characterization of the viscous, high-molecular-mass microbial carbohydrate fraction from faeces of healthy subjects and patients with Crohn’s disease and the consequences for a therapeutic approach

Embden

¹

,

Lieshout

²

,

Binnema³

et al. 1998

Clinical Science

0

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1. An earlier study by our group revealed that the viscosity of faeces from patients with Crohn's disease is significantly lower than that of healthy subjects. This is due to low concentrations of a high-molecular-mass carbohydrate, probably of bacterial origin. The cause of this phenomenon might be the impaired barrier function of the gut mucosa. Low viscosity may allow close contact of intestinal contents (bacterial products and toxins) with the intestinal wall. This could play a role in the maintenance of the disease.2. The first aim of this study was to investigate the high-molecular-mass carbohydrate fraction, responsible for viscosity, in detail. We also tried (in a pilot study) to raise the intestinal viscosity of patients with Crohn's disease with the undegradable food additive hydroxypropylcellulose (E463), in an attempt to alleviate clinical symptoms.3. The high-molecular-mass fraction (>300 kDa) responsible for faecal viscosity was sensitive to lysozyme and contained high levels of muramic acid. It was concluded that this material consisted mainly of peptidoglycan polysaccharides and was consequently of bacterial origin. The muramic acid in material from patients with Crohn's disease was 7.5 (1.5-13.9)%, which was less than in healthy subjects [11.4 (8.5-24.1)%; P=0.0004]. Furthermore, viscosity in material from patients with Crohn's disease was found to be half [14.9 (1.0-33.6) cP] of that found in healthy subjects [35.0 (2.7-90.7) cP; P=0.004].4.A daily dose of 1 g of hydroxypropylcellulose caused an increase in faecal viscosity in patients with Crohn's disease (from 1.4 to 2.3 cP) and in healthy subjects (from 4.9 to 7.5 cP). Faecal consistency improved in patients with Crohn's disease (from watery and loose to formed) and the defecation frequency decreased from 3-4 to about 2 times a day. No changes in defecation patterns were found in healthy subjects.5. These data indicate that the high-molecular-mass fraction that is responsible for faecal viscosity is peptidoglycan. Furthermore, a daily dose of a hydroxypropylcellulose solution to increase the viscosity of the intestinal contents of patients with Crohn's disease might be beneficial. This approach merits further study.

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“…It was concluded that soluble peptidoglycan polysaccharide complexes from the intestinal flora are potentially arthritogenic in rats. Faecal lysozyme is largely of neutrophil origin [21] and elevated levels are the result of granulocyte infiltration of the mucosa. In the intestinal contents of patients with Crohn's disease, lysozyme levels are enhanced [19,20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and characterization of the viscous, high-molecular-mass microbial carbohydrate fraction from faeces of healthy subjects and patients with Crohn's disease and the consequences for a therapeutic approach

Embden

¹

,

Lieshout

²

,

BINNEMA³

et al. 1998

Clinical Science

2

0

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

1. An earlier study by our group revealed that the viscosity of faeces from patients with Crohn's disease is significantly lower than that of healthy subjects. This is due to low concentrations of a high-molecular-mass carbohydrate, probably of bacterial origin. The cause of this phenomenon might be the impaired barrier function of the gut mucosa. Low viscosity may allow close contact of intestinal contents (bacterial products and toxins) with the intestinal wall. This could play a role in the maintenance of the disease.2. The first aim of this study was to investigate the high-molecular-mass carbohydrate fraction, responsible for viscosity, in detail. We also tried (in a pilot study) to raise the intestinal viscosity of patients with Crohn's disease with the undegradable food additive hydroxypropylcellulose (E463), in an attempt to alleviate clinical symptoms.3. The high-molecular-mass fraction (>300 kDa) responsible for faecal viscosity was sensitive to lysozyme and contained high levels of muramic acid. It was concluded that this material consisted mainly of peptidoglycan polysaccharides and was consequently of bacterial origin. The muramic acid in material from patients with Crohn's disease was 7.5 (1.5-13.9)%, which was less than in healthy subjects [11.4 (8.5-24.1)%; P=0.0004]. Furthermore, viscosity in material from patients with Crohn's disease was found to be half [14.9 (1.0-33.6) cP] of that found in healthy subjects [35.0 (2.7-90.7) cP; P=0.004].4.A daily dose of 1 g of hydroxypropylcellulose caused an increase in faecal viscosity in patients with Crohn's disease (from 1.4 to 2.3 cP) and in healthy subjects (from 4.9 to 7.5 cP). Faecal consistency improved in patients with Crohn's disease (from watery and loose to formed) and the defecation frequency decreased from 3-4 to about 2 times a day. No changes in defecation patterns were found in healthy subjects.5. These data indicate that the high-molecular-mass fraction that is responsible for faecal viscosity is peptidoglycan. Furthermore, a daily dose of a hydroxypropylcellulose solution to increase the viscosity of the intestinal contents of patients with Crohn's disease might be beneficial. This approach merits further study.

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Lysozyme gene expression in inflammatory bowel disease

Cited by 27 publications

References 25 publications

Comparison of 4 Neutrophil-Derived Proteins in Feces As Indicators of Disease Activity in Ulcerative Colitis

Comparison of 4 Neutrophil-Derived Proteins in Feces As Indicators of Disease Activity in Ulcerative Colitis

Isolation and characterization of the viscous, high-molecular-mass microbial carbohydrate fraction from faeces of healthy subjects and patients with Crohn’s disease and the consequences for a therapeutic approach

Isolation and characterization of the viscous, high-molecular-mass microbial carbohydrate fraction from faeces of healthy subjects and patients with Crohn's disease and the consequences for a therapeutic approach

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