Lysozyme from hen egg white ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced systemic inflammation in mice

Abstract

Lysozyme is an anti-bacterial protein that is widely distributed in nature. Our previous studies revealed that lysozyme shows anti-inflammatory effect on hyperinflammatory macrophages in vitro. The effect of lysozyme on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation model mice was examined in this study. Oral administration of lysozyme at 2250 mg/kg body weight/day (high-dose group) significantly suppressed interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor-a levels in the serum. IL-6 level in the spleen was significantly suppressed by lysozyme at 450 mg/kg body weight/day (middle-dose group) and high-dose group due to the suppression of gene expression level. The gene expression levels of IL-1b and IL-12 were also decreased by lysozyme in the high-dose group. In addition, lysozyme significantly suppressed IL-6 level in the liver in the high-dose group. Our findings suggest that lysozyme mitigates inflammatory condition in vivo by suppressing inflammatory cytokine levels in serum and organs from LPS-induced inflammation model mice.

Lysozyme-Induced Transcriptional Regulation of TNF-α Pathway Genes in Cells of the Monocyte Lineage

“…An interesting development concerns the possibility to attribute to lysozyme additional functions, besides antibacterial defence, such as a potent anti-inflammatory activity [29,35,36]. Lysozyme significantly suppresses the production of the inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 (Interleukin 6) [37,38,39], independently from muramidasic activity, because of the peptide motifs found in the N-terminal region of the protein [40]. Furthermore, Gallo et al [41] showed that lysozyme is able to prevent the production and release of inflammatory mediators, such as IL-6, and to reduce macrophage recruitment in the inflammatory site induced by AGE (advanced glycation endproducts) in HK-2 proximal tubular epithelial cells.…”

“…Several other factors like the regulation of translation, protein turnover and the regulation of its activity by post-translational modifications, including the interaction with co-factors, can together modulate the biological activity of a protein without the appreciable involvement of modifications at the mRNA level. Furthermore, a very recent study conducted in mice with LPS-induced systemic inflammation reports the significant suppression of TNF-α protein levels in serum and spleen after oral administration of lysozyme but, in contrast TNF-α gene expression resulted correspondingly not affected [39].…”

Leukocyte Activation and Antioxidative Defense Are Interrelated and Moderately Modified by n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid-Enriched Eggs Consumption—Double-Blind Controlled Randomized Clinical Study

“…[ 60 ]. Furthermore, it has been found that lysozyme from hen egg white ameliorates LPS-induced systemic inflammation in mice [ 61 ]. Sethi S et al showed that the treatment with oxidized EPA, but not native EPA, diminished LPS-induced surface expression of E-selectin, VCAM-1, and ICAM-1 in a dose dependent manner, suggesting an important role for oxidized metabolites of n-3 PUFAs [ 62 ].…”

Antioxidant Stress and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Egg White Proteins and Their Derived Peptides: A Review

“…It can be seen that egg white lysozyme can inhibit both systemic and organ specific inflammation. 161 In the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) induced inflammation in mice, lysozyme can reduce the release of HMGB1, leukocyte migration, and sepsis mortality and treat vascular inflammation by inhibiting the HMGB1 signaling pathway. 149 Lysozyme exhibits a concentration-dependent inhibitory effect on polyphosphate-mediated inflammation in mice and can inhibit polyp-mediated vascular barrier permeability, up-regulation of inflammatory biomarkers, leukocyte adhesion/migration, and activation and/or production of NF-κB, TNF-α, and IL-6.…”