Lysosomal membrane responses in the blood and digestive cells of mussels experimentally exposed to fluoranthene

Lowe, DM; Soverchia, Claudia; Moore, MN

doi:10.1016/0166-445x(95)00015-v

Cited by 190 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…However, this approach was adopted for several reasons. From a careful review of many of the studies published using the neutral red assay, it was found that, in animals exposed to pollutants in either laboratory or field settings, the latency period was typically less than 60 min, whereas control animals or animals from reference sites had latency periods in the range of 2 to 3 h (Lowe et al 1992, 1995a, b, Lowe Pc Pipe 1994. It was therefore our oplnion that, In these studies, a 60 min assay would result in the identification of site-specific or treatment-specific differences that would be consistent with the latency period approach.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, techniques for assessing lysosomal destabilization using a relatively simple neutral red retention assay that utilizes live cells rather than fixed cells a n d histological techniques have been developed (Lowe et al 1992(Lowe et al , 1995a. This simple approach was developed in conjunction with fundamental histochemical studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The acidic environment required for optimal activity of acid hydrolases involved in many functions is maintained by a membrane ATPase-dependent H+ proton pump (Ohkuma et al 1982). Lysosomes are also involved in sequestration a n d metabolism of toxins, and there is a substantlal body of literature validating that environmental pollutants, organic xenobiotics and metals, cause destabilization of lysosomes in fish and molluscs (Lowe et al 1981, 1995a, b, Moore 1.982, 1985. Cytochemical investigations have shown that chemical contaminants can induce profound structural and functional alterations (Moore 1988, 1990, Regoli 1992.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of natural and anthropogenic stressors on lysosomal destabilization in oysters Crassostrea virginica

Ringwood¹,

Conners²,

Hoguet³

1998

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

116

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ABSTRACT-Lysosomal destabilization indices (based on a neutral red retention assay) were evaluated for digestive gland cells of oysters Crassostrea virginica. Laboratory studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of variable salinity regimes (a natural stressor) and copper exposures (a pollutant stres-SOT) on lysosomal destabilization. Field studies were also conducted with native oysters and hatcheryreared juvenile oysters deployed in situ at reference and polluted sites. Lysosomal integrity was not affected by either short-term or longer-term variations in salinity during laboratory experiments, and the destabilization indices were similar to those of deployed and native oysters from reference sites characterized by a range of salinlties. However, laboratory Cu exposures (ranging from 2.5 to 20 pg Cu 1-') caused significant adverse effects on lysosomal destabilization after only 18 h, and the eiiecis were sustained or worsened with increasing exposure time and concentration. Hatchery-reared oysters deployed at or native oysters collected from polluted sites had significantly higher lysosomal destabilization indices. Estuanne habitats are characterized by variable sal~nity regimes, so cellular responses that are sensitive to salinity stress as well as contaminant stress would be difficult to interpret if salinity effects cannot be distinguished from pollutant effects. A robust biomarker of anthropogenic effects should be insensitive to natural stressors such as salinity, but should be sensitive to pollutants. The salinity and contaminant studies described in this paper indicate that lysosomal destabilization responses in oysters are insensitive to salinity variations and sensitive to pollutants, and are therefore potentially valuable biomarkers of anthropogenic stress.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of natural and anthropogenic stressors on lysosomal destabilization in oysters Crassostrea virginica

Ringwood¹,

Conners²,

Hoguet³

1998

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

116

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“…The general health status of the mussels was therefore considered in terms of changes to the lysosomal system of the blood cells. This is a well established method of assessing invertebrate health on a variety of invertebrate species (Lowe et al 1995).…”

Section: Measuring the Health Of Mytilus Edulis Using The Nrr Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of CO2-induced seawater acidification on the health of Mytilus edulis

Beesley¹,

Lowe²,

Pascoe³

et al. 2008

Clim. Res.

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The impact of CO 2 -acidified seawater (pH 7.8, 7.6, or 6.5, control = pH 8) on the health of Mytilus edulis was investigated during a 60 d mesocosm experiment. Mussel health was determined using the neutral red retention (NRR) assay for lysosomal membrane stability and from histopathological analysis of reproductive, digestive and respiratory tissues. Seawater acidification was shown to significantly reduce mussel health as measured by the NRR assay, and it is suggested that this impact is due to elevated levels of calcium ions (Ca 2+ ) in the haemolymph, generated by the dissolution of the mussels' calcium carbonate shells. No impact on tissue structures was observed, and it is concluded that M. edulis possess strong physiological mechanisms by which they are able to protect body tissues against short-term exposure to highly acidified seawater. However, these mechanisms come at an energetic cost, which can result in reduced growth during long-term exposures. Consequently, the predicted long-term changes to seawater chemistry associated with ocean acidification are likely to have a more significant effect on the health and survival of M. edulis populations than the short-lived effects envisaged from CO 2 leakage from sub-seabed storage. Ocean acidification could reduce the general health status of this commercially and ecologically important marine species.

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“…The lysosomal stability of fish red blood cells was assessed using the neutral red retention (NRR) assay as described by Lowe et al (1995), with some modifications. For both C. auratus and L. aurata, six tubes containing 200 µL of the blood/physiological saline mixture were prepared, and then the crude venom was added at concentrations of 0.…”

Section: Lysosomal Stability Of Fish Red Blood Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haemolytic activity and characterization of nematocyst venom fromPelagia noctiluca(Cnidaria: Scyphozoa)

Trapani

Parrino

Parisi

et al. 2013

Italian Journal of Zoology

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We investigated the haemolytic capacity of the crude venom extracted from isolated nematocysts of Pelagia noctiluca (Cnidaria: Scyphozoa), and evidenced the proteic fractions responsible for this activity. The nematocyst venom was used at various concentrations to evaluate the haemolytic activity and the lysosomal membrane stability of red blood cells of two teleostean species treated with the extract. The nematocyst extract was assayed against erythrocytes of the two teleostean species living in different environments, Carassius auratus as a common freshwater species, and Liza aurata as a representative of seawater species. Experiments on the haemolytic activity of P. noctiluca in the presence of lipid components of erythrocyte membranes showed that sphyngomyelin strongly inhibited this activity. The crude venom was analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis SDS-PAGE and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to detect the proteic composition, and it was found that the active haemolytic components of this venom are distributed in at least four protein fractions. The results of our experiments indicated that Pelagia noctiluca venom induces haemolysis and lysosomal membrane destabilisation in both species and that Carassius auratus was more susceptible to jellyfish venom than was Liza aurata. No significant differences in glutathione (GSH) levels were observed between control and treatments; consequently the toxins do not cause the oxidative stress but likely recognize specific targets (i.e. sphyngomyelin) in the plasmatic membrane of red blood cells.

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Lysosomal membrane responses in the blood and digestive cells of mussels experimentally exposed to fluoranthene

Cited by 190 publications

References 16 publications

Effects of natural and anthropogenic stressors on lysosomal destabilization in oysters Crassostrea virginica

Effects of natural and anthropogenic stressors on lysosomal destabilization in oysters Crassostrea virginica

Effects of CO2-induced seawater acidification on the health of Mytilus edulis

Haemolytic activity and characterization of nematocyst venom fromPelagia noctiluca(Cnidaria: Scyphozoa)

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