Lysine Gingipain (kgp) Biovars ofPorphyromonas gingivalisExhibit Differential Distribution on Oral Mucosal Sites

Abstract

A predominant kgp biovar colonized subgingival sites and buccal and tongue mucosa in 45 of 56 adults in an isolated community. The presence of biovars 381, W83, and W83v, but not HG66, correlated with the Porphyromonas gingivalis load at diseased sites. Biovars W83 and W83v poorly colonized tongue and buccal mucosa.

The profile ofPorphyromonas gingivalis kgpbiotype andfimAgenotype mosaic in subgingival plaque samples

“…The predominant combination was fimA I plus fimA II. The identical fimA genotype was harboured in both healthy and diseased subgingival sites within the same individual, as noted previously for kgp biotype (Nadkarni et al ., , ).…”

“…Results from this study on kgp biotype and fimA genotype analysis are in agreement with earlier reports that each subject is typically colonized by one predominant kgp biotype and fimA genotype of P. gingivalis (Nadkarni et al ., ). Results concurred with findings of others that fimA genotype II, represented by P. gingivalis reference strains ATCC 53977 and TDC60, is the most prevalent fimA genotype at all geographical locations (Amano et al ., ; Beikler et al ., , b; Missailidis et al ., ).…”

“…The study populations included an urban metropolitan group (60 subjects) of ethnically diverse adults suffering from chronic periodontitis and an adult Australian Aboriginal group (56 subjects) suffering from chronic periodontitis, as described previously (Nadkarni et al, 2009(Nadkarni et al, , 2012. Comprehensive clinical examination and microbial sample collection was carried out by two experienced clinicians (Nadkarni et al, 2009(Nadkarni et al, , 2012.…”

“…Allelic variation in the polyadhesin domain of kgp from P. gingivalis strains 381 (ATCC 33277), HG66 and W83 generates four isoforms corresponding to four biotypes of P. gingivalis (Nadkarni et al, 2004). Particular kgp biotypes are conserved in both subgingival and oral mucosal sites within individuals (Nadkarni et al, 2009) with each subject typically colonized by one biotype. Similarly, variation in the fimA subunit of the major fimbrial (fim) gene cluster of P. gingivalis results in six fimA genotypes (Amano et al, 1999;Nakagawa et al, 2000), fimA I, II, III and IV being most commonly detected (Amano et al, 2004).…”

Modulação do biofilme de Porphyromonas gingivalis pela associação com Streptococcus gordonii e com Prevotella intermedia.

“…Essas diferenças envolvem a presença de cápsula, tipos de gingipaínas (Hall et al, 2005, Nadkarni et al, 2009, presença de transposon (Bacic et al, 2005;Naito et al, 2011), presença de fímbrias maior (FimA) e menor (mfa1), variações na sequência de aminoácidos da fímbria maior (FimA) (Amano et al, 1997;Nakagawa et al, 2002b) e isso pode se traduzir em diferenças nas condições periodontais (Amano et al, 1997(Amano et al, , 1999Missailidis et al, 2004;Yoshino et al, 2007) e resposta imune à presença da bactéria em ratos (Marchesan et al, 2012) e também no comportamento das cepas aderindo e invadindo tecidos (Nakagawa et al, 2002a;Rodrigues et al, 2012;Tribble et al, 2013;Wang et al, 2009). Levando-se em consideração essas diferenças entre as cepas, acreditamos que os genes selecionados para estudo possam apresentar funções importantes, especialmente em respeito à colonização bucal e eficiência na formação de biofilmes mono e heterotípicos de P. gingivalis.…”