Lynx Mission concept status

Gaskin, Jessica A.; Allured, Ryan; Bandler, S. R.; Basso, S.; Bautz, Marshall W.; Baysinger, M.; Biskach, Michael P.; Boswell, T. M.; Capizzo, Peter D.; Chan, Kai Wing; Civitani, M.; Cohen, Lester M.; Cotroneo, Vincenzo; Davis, Jacqueline M.; DeRoo, Casey T.; DiPirro, Michael; Dominguez, Alexandra; Fabisinski, Leo; Falcone, A.; Figueroa‐Feliciano, E.; García, Juan; Gelmis, Karen; Heilmann, Ralf K.; Hopkins, Randall C.; Jackson, Thomas M.; Kilaru, Kiranmayee; Kraft, Ralph; Tianning, Liu; McClelland, Ryan S.; McEntaffer, Randy L.; McCarley, Kevin S.; Mulqueen, John A.; Özel, Feryal; Pareschi, G.; Reid, Paul B.; Riveros, Raul E.; Rodriguez, Mitchell A.; Rowe, J.; Saha, Timo T.; Schattenburg, Mark L.; Schnell, Andrew; Schwartz, D. A.; Solly, Peter M.; Suggs, Robert M.; Sutherlin, Steven; Swartz, Douglas A.; Trolier‐McKinstry, Susan; Tutt, James H.; Vikhlinin, A.; Walker, Julian; Yoon, Won-Sik; Zhang, William W.

doi:10.1117/12.2273911

Cited by 36 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This performance is well-outside the requirements of the "Lynx" point spread function (PSF) (≤0.5 arc sec on-axis). 12 However, the introduced figure deformation can be corrected to be diffraction limited to 0.3 arc sec HPD by actuation consistent with currently existing adjustable x-ray optics prototypes. Our results indicate that the tolerances on integrated stress uniformity required for the Lynx mirrors may be alleviated using the piezoelectric actuators of the adjustable x-ray optics, in addition to traditional static approaches.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…[6][7][8] Piezoelectric materials have also demonstrated potential for astrophysical observation via adjustable optics; use of sputtered piezoelectric thin film actuators is an enabling technology for adjustable x-ray optics. [9][10][11][12] Adjustable x-ray optics are curved thin shell mirrors, in which the figure can be adjusted postmanufacture by applying a voltage to piezoelectric actuators on the back (convex side) of the mirror. [13][14][15] When a voltage is applied, a strain is produced by means of the converse piezoelectric effect and this is used to make precise changes to the mirror figure, correcting distortions introduced from processing, mounting, or on-orbit gravity release.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Thickness distribution of sputtered films on curved substrates for adjustable x-ray optics

Bishop

Walker

DeRoo

et al. 2019

J. Astron. Telesc. Instrum. Syst.

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McKinstry, "Thickness distribution of sputtered films on curved substrates for adjustable x-ray optics," J.Abstract. Piezoelectric adjustable x-ray optics use magnetron sputtered thin film coatings on both sides of a thin curved glass substrate. To produce an optic suitable for a mission requiring high-angular resolution like "Lynx," the integrated stresses (stress × thickness) of films on both sides of the optic must be approximately equal. Thus, understanding how sputtered film thickness distributions change for convex and concave curved substrates is necessary. To address this, thickness distributions of piezoelectric Pb 0.995 ðZr 0.52 Ti 0.48 Þ 0.99 Nb 0.01 O 3 films are studied on flat, convex, and concave cylindrical substrates with a 220-mm radius of curvature. A mathematical model of the film thickness distribution is derived based on the geometric properties of the sputter tool and the substrate, and film thicknesses deposited with a commercially available sputtering tool are measured with spectroscopic ellipsometry. Experiment and modeled results for flat and convex curved substrates demonstrate good agreement, with average relative thickness distribution difference of 0.19% and −0.10% respectively, and a higher average difference of 1.4% for concave substrates. The calculated relative thickness distributions are applied to the convex and concave sides of a finite-element analysis (FEA) model of an adjustable x-ray optic prototype. The FEA model shows that, left uncorrected, the relative film thickness variation will yield an optic with an optical performance of 2.6 arc sec half power diameter (HPD) at 1 keV. However, the mirror figure can be corrected to diffraction-limited performance (0.3 arc sec HPD) using the piezoelectric adjusters, suggesting that the tolerances for applying a balanced integrated stress on both sides of a mirror are alleviated for adjustable x-ray optics as compared to traditional static x-ray mirrors. Furthermore, the piezoelectric adjusters will also allow changes in mirror figure over the telescope lifetime due to drift in the stress states of the x-ray surfaces to be corrected on orbit.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thickness distribution of sputtered films on curved substrates for adjustable x-ray optics

Bishop

Walker

DeRoo

et al. 2019

J. Astron. Telesc. Instrum. Syst.

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show abstract

“…Lynx is a NASA large class X-ray mission concept being considered for the 2020 decadal survey (Gaskin et al 2017). Lynx would feature the largest Xray telescope ever built with a collecting area of 2m 2 at 1 keV, over a 10 arcmin radius field of view.…”

Section: Lynxmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Physics of Galaxy Cluster Outskirts

et al. 2019

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“…Two such mission concepts are currently being studied: the habitable exoplanet observatory (HabEx) (Mennesson and Mawet 2016) and the large ultraviolet/optical/infrared telescope (LUVOIR) (France et al 2015;Crooke et al 2016). Both of these missions, as well as the Origins Space Telescope (Cooray et al 2017), and the Lynx X-ray Observatory (Gaskin et al 2017;Branduardi-Raymont et al 2017) would conduct transit spectroscopy at complementary wavelengths to the targets ground-based facilities may observe. However, only HabEx and LUVOIR will be able to conduct observations of rocky planets in orbit around Sun-like stars.…”

Section: Leave No Stone Unturnedmentioning

confidence: 99%