Lyne and McLachlan (1949): Influence of the First Publication on Groundwater Contamination by Trichloroethene

Rivett, Michael O.; Feenstra, Stanley; Clark, Lewis

doi:10.1080/15275920600996180

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Data gaps for ambient-air-VOC risks (see the authors' Tables 1-5) are worrisome because, as noted earlier, VOCs are an important class of "air toxics" [16][17][18]-that are ubiquitous, particularly harmful to young children, and associated with many increased long-term health risks [11,108,115,116]. For instance, VOCs-especially site CT, dibromochloromethane, and TCE, three main site risk drivers [67] (p. 34), are strongly photochemically reactive.…”

Section: Airborne-exposure Data Gaps For Site Ambient Vocs: Special Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…119-120). Shortly after, UK scientists warned that TCE groundwater pollution already was a persistent problem, that even tiny concentrations were toxic [13,15,16]. Although the Pasadena site is not on the Superfund list, its cleanup must follow Superfund remediation rules, partly because its carcinogenic industrial solvents are up to 744,000 times above allowed levels (see the authors' Table 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If nonprofit, university, or government agencies fund the same research, it is much less likely to show safety. This "funding effect" has been overwhelmingly established in environmental-health, tobacco, climate-change, chemical-toxicity studies, and so on; this effect also could be occurring in Pasadena toxics-remediation assessments by those whose profits are at stake [16,174,175].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Protecting Children from Toxic Waste: Data-Usability Evaluation Can Deter Flawed Cleanup

Shrader‐Frechette

Biondo

2020

IJERPH

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Nearly 25 percent of US children live within 2 km of toxic-waste sites, most of which are in urban areas. They face higher rates of cancer than adults, partly because the dominant contaminants at most US hazardous-waste sites include genotoxic carcinogens, like trichloroethylene, that are much more harmful to children. The purpose of this article is to help protect the public, especially children, from these threats and to improve toxics-remediation by beginning to test our hypothesis: If site-remediation assessments fail data-usability evaluation (DUE), they likely compromise later cleanups and public health, especially children’s health. To begin hypothesis-testing, we perform a focused DUE for an unremediated, Pasadena, California toxic site. Our DUE methods are (a) comparing project-specific, remediation-assessment data with the remediation-assessment conceptual site model (CSM), in order to identify data gaps, and (b) using data-gap directionality to assess possible determinate bias (whether reported toxics risks are lower/higher than true values). Our results reveal (1) major CSM data gaps, particularly regarding Pasadena-toxic-site risks to children; (2) determinate bias, namely, risk underestimation; thus (3) likely inadequate remediation. Our discussion shows that if these results are generalizable, requiring routine, independent, DUEs might deter flawed toxic-site assessment/cleanup and resulting health threats, especially to children.

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Section: Airborne-exposure Data Gaps For Site Ambient Vocs: Special Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Protecting Children from Toxic Waste: Data-Usability Evaluation Can Deter Flawed Cleanup

Shrader‐Frechette

Biondo

2020

IJERPH

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“…Chlorinated hydrocarbons (CHCs) such as the degreasing solvent trichloroethene (TCE) have caused significant groundwater contamination (Pankow and Cherry, 1996;Rivett et al, 2006;Vedrina-Dragojević and Dragojević, 1997). Historical poor handling and disposal of CHC solvents has resulted in frequent releases to the subsurface that typically pose long-term threats to groundwater quality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneous hyporheic zone dechlorination of a TCE groundwater plume discharging to an urban river reach

Freitas

Rivett

Roche

et al. 2015

Science of The Total Environment

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This version is available at https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/62331/ Strathprints is designed to allow users to access the research output of the University of Strathclyde. Unless otherwise explicitly stated on the manuscript, Copyright © and Moral Rights for the papers on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. Please check the manuscript for details of any other licences that may have been applied. You may not engage in further distribution of the material for any profitmaking activities or any commercial gain. You may freely distribute both the url (https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/) and the content of this paper for research or private study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge.Any correspondence concerning this service should be sent to the AbstractThe typically elevated natural attenuation capacity of riverbed -hyporheic zones is expected to decrease chlorinated hydrocarbon (CHC) groundwater plume discharges to river receptors through dechlorination reactions. The aim of this study was to assess physico-chemical processes controlling field-scale variation in riverbed -hyporheic zone dechlorination of a TCE groundwater plume discharge to an urban river reach. The 50-m long pool -riffle -glide reach of the River Tame in Birmingham (UK) studied is a heterogeneous high energy river environment. The shallow riverbed was instrumented with a detailed network of multilevel samplers. Freeze coring revealed a geologically heterogeneous and poorly sorted riverbed. A chlorine number reduction approach provided a quantitative indicator of CHC dechlorination. Three sub-reaches of contrasting behaviour were identified. Greatest dechlorination occurred in the riffle sub-reach that was characterised by hyporheic zone flows, moderate sulphate concentrations and pH, anaerobic conditions, low iron, but elevated manganese concentrations with evidence of sulphate reduction. Transient hyporheic zone flows allowing input to varying riverbed depths of organic matter is anticipated to be a key control. The glide sub-reach displayed negligible dechlorination attributed to the predominant groundwater baseflow discharge condition and absence of hyporheic zone, transition to more oxic conditions and elevated sulphate concentrations expected to inhibit dechlorination. The tail-of-pool-riffle sub-reach exhibited patchy dechlorination that was attributed to sub-reach complexities including significant flow bypass of a low permeability, high organic matter, silty unit of high dechlorination potential. A process-based conceptual model of reach-scale dechlorination variability was developed. Key findings of practitioner relevance were: riverbed -hyporheic zone CHC dechlorination may provide only a partial, patchy barrier to CHC groundwater plume discharges to a surface water receptor; and, monitoring requirements to assess the variability in CHC attenuation within a reach are expected to be onerous. Further research on transient hyporheic zone dechlorination is...

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“…The discovery of organic contaminants in groundwater generally occurred in the late 1970s to early 1980s in North America and Europe. 8 This paralleled the development of new analytical methods able to detect low, but potentially harmful, concentrations of organic contaminants in water. 9 The immediate reaction to such problems in the USA in particular was the widespread adoption of P&T for groundwater remediation (removal of contaminant plumes via extraction wells and associated water treatment).…”

Section: Historical Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitored natural attenuation of organic contaminants in groundwater: principles and application

Rivett¹,

Thornton²

2008

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Water Manag

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This paper reviews the conceptual and technical basis underpinning the use of monitored natural attenuation (MNA) for the management of organic contaminants in groundwater. MNA has important advantages over engineered remediation technologies for groundwater. Its significance will increase across the international community generally and its application for the management of petroleum hydrocarbons and other aromatic compounds will expand. Its application to other contaminants such as chlorinated solvents requires further qualification, although it has demonstrable potential for these. Long-term dissolution of non-aqueous-phase liquid (NAPL) sources is a major issue affecting remediation time-frames for MNA. Source zone remediation in conjunction with MNA will be required for many contaminated sites to meet typical regulatory time-frames permitted for MNA application. Internationally, there is general consensus in the scientific basis and assessment methods included in the technical guidance or protocols supporting the application of MNA. It is not a ’do-nothing’ remediation strategy, but requires site-specific characterisation, scientifically based analysis and a long-term commitment to monitoring, data collection and rigorous technical evaluation for ongoing performance assessment. Additional remediation technologies may be required to support MNA during the remediation programme and the decision to implement MNA should consider the large body of MNA literature that now exists and is summarised here.

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Lyne and McLachlan (1949): Influence of the First Publication on Groundwater Contamination by Trichloroethene

Cited by 14 publications

References 45 publications

Protecting Children from Toxic Waste: Data-Usability Evaluation Can Deter Flawed Cleanup

Protecting Children from Toxic Waste: Data-Usability Evaluation Can Deter Flawed Cleanup

Heterogeneous hyporheic zone dechlorination of a TCE groundwater plume discharging to an urban river reach

Monitored natural attenuation of organic contaminants in groundwater: principles and application

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