Lymphoma: current status of clinical and preclinical imaging with radiolabeled antibodies

Abstract

Lymphoma is a complex disease that arises from cells of the immune system with an intricate pathology. While lymphoma may be classified as Hodgkin or non-Hodgkin, each type of tumor is genetically and phenotypically different and highly invasive tissue biopsies are the only method to investigate these differences. Noninvasive imaging strategies, such as immunoPET, can provide a vital insight into disease staging, monitoring treatment response in patients, and dose planning in radioimmunotherapy. ImmunoPET imaging with radiolabeled antibody-based tracers may also assist physicians in optimizing treatment strategies and enhancing patient stratification. Currently, there are two common biomarkers for molecular imaging of lymphoma, CD20 and CD30, both of which have been considered for investigation in preclinical imaging studies. In this review, we examine the current status of both preclinical and clinical imaging of lymphoma using radiolabeled antibodies. Additionally, we briefly investigate the role of radiolabeled antibodies in lymphoma therapy. As radiolabeled antibodies play critical roles in both imaging and therapy of lymphoma, the development of novel antibodies and the discovery of new biomarkers may greatly affect lymphoma imaging and therapy in the future.

18F-labeled anti-human CD20 cys-diabody for same-day immunoPET in a model of aggressive B cell lymphoma in human CD20 transgenic mice

“…FDG PET/CT plays a crucial role in staging [2][3][4] and response evaluation in Hodgkin (HL) and non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) [5,6]. While metabolic imaging facilitates noninvasive imaging of lymphoma, the only conclusive diagnostic method for HL and NHL is highly invasive tissue biopsies that delineate the genetic and phenotypic differences between lymphoma types [7].…”

“…Malignant lymphomas often exist as disseminated disease with single or confluent tumours presenting a wide range of volumes and heterogenous uptake [3,9]. Some forms of NHL show low FDG avidity, e.g., MALT marginal zone lymphoma, small lymphocytic lymphoma and cutaneous B cell lymphoma [2,7].…”

Is ultrasound combined with computed tomography useful for distinguishing between primary thyroid lymphoma and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis?

“…The five-year survival rate of thyroid lymphoma with stage IE disease is as high as 75-89%, while year-year survival rate with stage IIE disease falls to 25-40% [16]. Therefore, the prognosis for thyroid lymphoma depends on staging, and early diagnosis is of vital importance [17][18][19][20][21].…”

Multidetector Computed Tomography Features of Plasmablastic Lymphoma of the Oral Cavity in an HIV-Positive Patient

“…Patients with lymphomas may experience fever, weight loss, night sweats, lymphadenopathy, and fatigue [1]. Hodgkin lymphomas (HL) and non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) are the two primary kinds of lymphoma [2].…”

“…Lymphoma is defined as a group of tumors that develop from lymph nodes [1]. Patients with lymphomas may experience fever, weight loss, night sweats, lymphadenopathy, and fatigue [1].…”