Lymphocyte subpopulations in healthy newborn infants: Comparison of cord blood values with values five days after birth

Raes, Marc; Alliët, Philippe; Gillis, Philippe; Zimmermann, Anna; Kortleven, J; Magerman, Koen; Peeters, Veerle; Rummens, Jean Luc

doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(05)81758-5

Cited by 29 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…For infants of Յ2 months of age (excluding neonates), mean/median CD4/CD8 ratios were 2.4 and 3.8, respectively, in two recent studies. 21,22 The absolute CD4 counts ranged from 2590/ l (in the very low birth weight infants, at age 1.5 months) to 3500/ l (in healthy infants, aged 1 week to 2 months). These results are very similar to those in our study in the infants before treatment with dexamethasone (Table 3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Dexamethasone on Lymphocyte Subpopulations in Premature Infants with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

et al. 1999

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OBJECTIVE:This study was designed to determine the effect of dexamethasone treatment on peripheral blood lymphocyte counts and subpopulations in premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). STUDY DESIGN:Peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations in 12 premature infants with BPD were analyzed before treatment with a 6-week course of dexamethasone (day 0), on days 3 and 10 of treatment, and 2 weeks after discontinuing dexamethasone therapy (day 56). Lymphocyte immunophenotypes were determined using direct two-color immunofluorescent staining followed by flow cytometry. RESULTS:The percentage of lymphocytes was significantly lower on days 3 (17.55 Ϯ 2.55) and 10 (20 Ϯ 11.8) of dexamethasone therapy compared with before (30.36 Ϯ 6.41) or after treatment. The percentage of T cells was significantly lower on days 3 and 10 of dexamethasone therapy (mean Ϯ SEM; 58.09 Ϯ 1.93 and 60.09 Ϯ 2.47, respectively) compared with before (67.09 Ϯ 4.24) or after treatment. The absolute number of T cells was significantly lower on day 10 of therapy. The percentage of CD4 ϩ cells was significantly lower on days 3 (38.91 Ϯ 2.49) and 10 (40.45 Ϯ 2.24) of therapy, and this decrease persisted after dexamethasone was stopped (36.73 Ϯ 3.41). The absolute number of CD4 cells was significantly lower on day 10 (1328 Ϯ 216) of therapy and reached a nadir on day 56 (1143 Ϯ 106). Similarly, the CD4/CD8 ratio was also significantly lower on days 3 and 10 of treatment (1.56 Ϯ 0.18 and 1.64 Ϯ 0.14, respectively) and reached a nadir on day 56 (1.04 Ϯ 0.13). CONCLUSION:Dexamethasone significantly reduced the percentage and absolute number of lymphocytes, T cells, and CD4 cells, as well as the CD4/CD8 ratio. A reduction in CD4 cells and in the CD4/CD8 ratio persisted 2 weeks after dexamethasone therapy was stopped. In contrast, the absolute number of B cells increased transiently, and CD8 cells were unaffected by dexamethasone. This alteration in lymphocyte subpopulations may help account for the clinically beneficial anti-inflammatory effect of dexamethasone in the treatment of BPD complicated by respiratory failure. The dexamethasone-induced decrease in CD4 cells may also increase the susceptibility of these infants to infection.Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease associated with mechanical ventilation in premature infants and a common cause of morbidity in the neonatal intensive care unit. The incidence of BPD is Յ40% among infants with respiratory distress syndrome who require mechanical ventilation. 1 Treatment with intravenous dexamethasone has been shown to shorten the duration of mechanical ventilation in premature infants, 2 and to improve pulmonary function. 3 However, dexamethasone therapy has many potential side effects in premature infants, including hyperglycemia, 4 hypertension, 5 cardiomyopathy, 6 adrenal suppression, 7-9 and gastrointestinal bleeding. 10 Dexamethasone has been shown to cause neutrophilia and eosinopenia 11,12 in addition to inhibition of colony formation of the hematopoietic progenito...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Dexamethasone on Lymphocyte Subpopulations in Premature Infants with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

et al. 1999

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“…Lymphocyte preparations were stained with fluorochrome-labeled monoclonal antibodies for acquisition and analysis by flow cytometry using standard laboratory practice (Raes et al, 1993;Beck et al, 1994;Patrick et al, 1984;and Bray and Landy, 1989 61.3, 60.1, 80.7, 85.1, 73.3, 85.0, 90.1, 83.4, 91.7% for blood and 78.5, 79.1, 90.1, 84.7, 78.3, 63.8, 76.0, 76.1, 86.3% for splenocyte samples at ages 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 20, and 45 days, respectively. This normalization allowed for the exclusion of debris, other non-lymphoid cells (mainly monocytes) and 3'a T cells found in the analysis gate.…”

Section: Immunophenotypingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specific lymphocyte subsets in circulation and secondary lymphoid organs define host defense capabilities and the status of immune activity (Barclay et al, 1997;Bikoue et al, 1997). In the human, fewer T cells are present in umbilical blood compared to that in 5-day-old neonates or adults (Pittard et al, 1989;Raes et al, 1993). Compared to later ages, neonates have lower numbers of T lymphocytes (Pittard et al, 1989;Han et al, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maturation of Lymphocyte Immunophenotypes and Memory T Helper Cell Differentiation During Development in Mice

Fagoaga

Yellon

Nehlsen-Cannarella

1999

Journal of Immunology Research

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The goal of this study was to systematically investigate the ontogeny of lymphoid populations throughout postnatal development. In CD-1 mice, peak lymphocyte numbers occurred in blood on postnatal day 10 (dl0) including those for natural killers (NKI.1), B cells (CD19), T helper (CD3CD4), naive T helper (CD4CD62LpSCD441w), memory T helper (CD4CD62LnegcD44high), and T cytotoxic (CD3CD8) cells. As percent of total lymphocytes, peaks were achieved by d 10 for all T helper subtypes but not B cells which declined to a nadir. In spleen, lymphocyte numbers increased exponentially after d l0. Proportionately, NK and T cells peaked on dl0, declined by d20, and increased 2-3-fold by d45. Naive T cells constituted the majority of lymphocytes during development while memory cells gained to 2.2% (blood) and 12 % (spleen) by d20. C57BL/6 mice had similar profiles except that the B cell nadir and T cell subset peaks were at d5. Peripheralization of critical numbers of lymphocytes by d l0, and importantly, development of a repertoire of memory cells by d20, may define immune response capabilities that close the period of immaturity for the neonate.

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“…Also significant differences have been found in lymphocyte phenotypes of human infants at birth and at 5 d of age (21).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The In Vitro Effects of Granulocyte and Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor on Interleukin-3-Dependent Proliferation of Human Neonatal Circulating Progenitor Cells

et al. 1995

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Lymphocyte subpopulations in healthy newborn infants: Comparison of cord blood values with values five days after birth

Cited by 29 publications

References 10 publications

Effect of Dexamethasone on Lymphocyte Subpopulations in Premature Infants with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Effect of Dexamethasone on Lymphocyte Subpopulations in Premature Infants with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Maturation of Lymphocyte Immunophenotypes and Memory T Helper Cell Differentiation During Development in Mice

The In Vitro Effects of Granulocyte and Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor on Interleukin-3-Dependent Proliferation of Human Neonatal Circulating Progenitor Cells

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