Lymphocyte genotoxicity and protective effect of Calyptranthes tricona (Myrtaceae) against H2O2-induced cell death in MCF-7 cells

Abstract

Calyptranthes tricona is a species (Myrtaceae) native to South Brazil. Plants belonging to this family are folkloric used for analgesia, inflammation, and infectious diseases. However, little is known about the toxic potential of C. tricona. The present study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity of C. tricona ethanol and hexane leaf extracts, as well as verify their effect on human lymphocytes and MCF-7 cells. The extracts were subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening, antioxidant activity using DPPH and ORAC methods. Genotoxic and mutagenic effects in cultured human lymphocytes were assessed using the comet assay and the micronucleus assay, respectively. In addition, cell viability by MTT assay and fluorometric analysis of mitochondrial potential and caspases-9 activity were performed in order to verify the possible effects of both extracts on HO-induced cell death of MCF-7 cells. Our findings revealed that the phenol content and the antioxidant activity were only present in the ethanol extract. Also, the phytochemical screening presented steroids, triterpenoids, condensed tannins, and flavones as the main compounds. However, both extracts were capable of inducing concentration-dependent DNA damage in human lymphocytes. When treating MCF-7 cells with the extracts, both of them inhibited MCF-7 cell death in response to oxidative stress through a decrease of mitochondrial depolarization and caspases-9 activity. Thus, our results need to be considered in future in vitro and in vivo studies of C. tricona effects. In the meanwhile, we recommend caution in the acute/chronic use of this homemade preparation for medicinal purpose.

Protective Effects of Blueberry Anthocyanins against H2O2-Induced Oxidative Injuries in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells

“…Hydrogen peroxide is a major factor implicated in the free-radical theory of aging. Many reports have proved that H 2 O 2 can trigger oxidative damage and cell death in different types of cells, such as H9c2 cardiomyoblasts, MCF-7 breast adenocarcinoma cells, and retinal cells. − Oxidative damage should be restricted by the intervention of efficient antioxidant-defense mechanisms, but ROS levels increase, and antioxidant levels decrease in aging tissues . Here, H 2 O 2 was used to induce oxidative stress in the human retinal pigment epithelial cell line.…”

Protective effect of procyanidin B2 on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative damage in MCF-7 cells

“…7c). This result illustrated that the programmed cell death of MCF-7 cells caused by H 2 O 2 treatment [24,25]. However, a remarkable decrease in the number of apoptotic MCF-7 cells was observed when MCF-7 cells were treated with PCB 2 (0.1-10.0 µM).…”

Cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and mutagenicity potential of ethanolic extract of Heracleum persicum Desf. ex Fischer

“…In the study of Saverini et al () α‐pinene and β‐pinene demonstrated genotoxic effect with comet assay. Many plants were evaluated with comet assay for genotoxicity assessment in previous studies (Cho et al, ; Etebari et al, ; Ferrer et al, ; Gafrikova et al, ; Kich et al, ; Llana‐Ruiz‐Cabello et al, ), but, so far, no study has evaluated genotoxicity of H. persicum . Mutations are initial stages in carcinogenesis, therefore, a short term bacterial test, such as the Salmonella /microsomal assay or Ames test has been utilized for the finding of mutagens (Boubaker et al, ).…”

“…It has been reported that terpenes such as α-pinene can increase the malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and γ-terpinene significantly induced DNA damage in human lymphocytes (Aydin, Basaran, & Basaran, 2005). In the study of Saverini Etebari et al, 2012;Ferrer et al, 2014;Gafrikova et al, 2014;Kich et al, 2017;Llana-Ruiz-Cabello et al, 2016), but, so far, no study has evaluated genotoxicity of H. persicum. Mutations are initial stages in carcinogenesis, therefore, a short term bacterial test, such as the Salmonella/microsomal assay or Ames test has been utilized for the finding of mutagens (Boubaker et al, 2011).…”