Lymphocele Formation after Extraperitoneal Pelvic Lymphadenectomy: Possible Predisposing Factors

Abstract

A retrospective review of 61 patients undergoing pelvic lymphadenectomy was performed to assess possible predisposing factors for lymphocele development. The procedure was done to facilitate staging of prostatic carcinoma in all of the patients. The complication occurred in 9 patients (14.8 per cent). Analysis revealed a statistically significantly higher incidence of lymphoceles in patients without drainage (p less than 0.05) and in patients whose lymph nodes had no metastatic disease (p less than 0.025). Furthermore, 9 patients (without drainage and with nodes that were free of tumor but who received mini-dose heparin therapy) as a subgroup had the highest incidence of lymphocele formation. Although these individual factors have been attributed to this complication after lymphadenectomy they may act synergistically.

Low molecular weight heparin prophylaxis increases the incidence of lymphocele after kidney transplantation

“…In other types of surgery, especially after extraperitoneal pelvic lymphadenectomy, postoperative lymphocele and increased postoperative drainage fluid have been associated with thromboembolic prophylaxis. In these studies, the patients were treated with Heparin and not LMWH (7)(8)(9).…”

Effective management of pelvic lymphocysts by laparoscopic marsupialization

“…Heparin prophylaxis, extensive nodal dis-section, previous radiation, infection, diuretics, presence of nodal disease, the use of drains and lack of drains have been previously implicated as predisposing factors. 1 In 1958, Gray and coworkers reported a 16.3% incidence of lymphocyst formation following radical gynecological surgery. 2 A more recent retrospective review of 308 patients who underwent retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy and were followed postoperatively with computerized axial tomography (CT) scans of the abdomen and pelvis described a 20% and 32% incidence of lymphocyst formation in patients with cervix and ovarian cancer, respectively.…”

Die Zytokine IL-6 und IL-8 und deren Wert in der Analyse einer Infektion von Lymphozelen

“…In den meisten Fällen wird von bis zu 3 Monaten postoperativ ausgegangen [SANSALONE et al 2000;BAILEY et al 2003]. Am häufigsten manifestiert sich eine Lymphozele nach einer Nierentransplantation am unteren, am zweithäufigsten am oberen Transplantatpol [REEK et al 1997;HAMZA et al 2005 OJEDA et al 1986;KHAULI et al 1993;GLASS und COCKETT 1998;SOLBERG et al 2003 der Signaltransduktion [HEINRICH et al 2003;LÖFFLER und PETRIDES 2003]. Im menschlichen Organismus dient IL-6 sowohl als pro-wie auch als antiinflammatorisches Zytokin [PAPANICOLAOU et al 1998;ELENKOV et al 2000],…”