Lymphatic pump manipulation mobilizes inflammatory mediators into lymphatic circulation

Schander, Artur; Downey, H. Fred; Hodge, Lisa

doi:10.1258/ebm.2011.011220

Cited by 44 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…12) The accumulation of toxins, exudate, the fine particles contained in lymph, and bacteria in tissue brings about a variety of changes, including inflammation, a low oxygen environment, and fibrosis. 13,14) In this study, we demonstrated that during lymphostasis, lipid molecules accumulate in the tissue surrounding veins. Based on these findings, we will attempt to discuss the mechanism responsible for lipid molecule accumulation and metabolic abnormalities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Insufficient Lymph Drainage Causes Abnormal Lipid Accumulation and Vein Wall Degeneration

Tanaka

Yamamoto

Suzuki

et al. 2016

Annals of Vascular Diseases

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Insufficient Lymph Drainage Causes Abnormal Lipid Accumulation and Vein Wall Degeneration

Tanaka

Yamamoto

Suzuki

et al. 2016

Annals of Vascular Diseases

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“…5,12 Previously, we demonstrated that a single application of LPT increased lymph flow and leukocyte flux in both rats and dogs, and mobilized inflammatory mediators into lymph circulation. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] These findings support the use of LPT to treat edema and to enhance immune function. Importantly, the effects of LPT on the lymphatic system were transient, suggesting this LPT-sensitive lymph reservoir is limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…Importantly, the effects of LPT on the lymphatic system were transient, suggesting this LPT-sensitive lymph reservoir is limited. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] The purpose of this study was to determine if a second application of LPT could also enhance lymph flow, the number of leukocytes, and the concentration of inflammatory mediators in thoracic duct lymph. Our results demonstrate that LPT can be repeatedly applied to enhance lymph flow, leukocyte numbers, and the flux of inflammatory mediators.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lymphatic Pump Treatment Repeatedly Enhances the Lymphatic and Immune Systems

Schander

Padro

King

et al. 2013

Lymphatic Research and Biology

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Background: Osteopathic practitioners utilize manual therapies called lymphatic pump techniques (LPT) to treat edema and infectious diseases. While previous studies examined the effect of a single LPT treatment on the lymphatic system, the effect of repeated applications of LPT on lymphatic output and immunity has not been investigated. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to measure the effects of repeated LPT on lymphatic flow, lymph leukocyte numbers, and inflammatory mediator concentrations in thoracic duct lymph (TDL). Methods and Results: The thoracic ducts of five mongrel dogs were cannulated, and lymph samples were collected during pre-LPT, 4 min of LPT, and 2 hours post-LPT. A second LPT (LPT-2) was applied after a 2 hour rest period. TDL flow was measured, and TDL were analyzed for the concentration of leukocytes and inflammatory mediators. Both LPT treatments significantly increased TDL flow, leukocyte count, total leukocyte flux, and the flux of interleukin-8 (IL-8), keratinocyte-derived chemoattractant (KC), nitrite (NO 2 -), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The concentration of IL-6 increased in lymph over time in all experimental groups; therefore, it was not LPT dependent. Conclusion: Clinically, it can be inferred that LPT at a rate of 1 pump per sec for a total of 4 min can be applied every 2 h, thus providing scientific rationale for the use of LPT to repeatedly enhance the lymphatic and immune system.

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“…Lymphatic pump techniques have been shown to increase cytokines and chemokines in thoracic and intestinal lymph vessels 35 , while mechanical pressure to certain body regions distant from the location of lymph formation enhances flow into lymphatic systems 36 . In addition, it has been shown that lymphatic OMT augments leukocyte mobilization and flow in dogs and rats, primarily from gut-associated lymphoid tissue 37,38,39,40,41 .…”

Section: Representative Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment as a Useful Adjunctive Tool for Pneumonia

Yao

Hassani

Gagné

et al. 2014

JoVE

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Pneumonia, the inflammatory state of lung tissue primarily due to microbial infection, claimed 52,306 lives in the United States in 2007 1 and resulted in the hospitalization of 1.1 million patients 2 . With an average length of in-patient hospital stay of five days 2 , pneumonia and influenza comprise significant financial burden costing the United States $40.2 billion in 2005 3 . Under the current Infectious Disease Society of America/American Thoracic Society guidelines, standard-of-care recommendations include the rapid administration of an appropriate antibiotic regiment, fluid replacement, and ventilation (if necessary). Non-standard therapies include the use of corticosteroids and statins; however, these therapies lack conclusive supporting evidence 4 . (Figure 1) Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment (OMT) is a cost-effective adjunctive treatment of pneumonia that has been shown to reduce patients’ length of hospital stay, duration of intravenous antibiotics, and incidence of respiratory failure or death when compared to subjects who received conventional care alone 5 . The use of manual manipulation techniques for pneumonia was first recorded as early as the Spanish influenza pandemic of 1918, when patients treated with standard medical care had an estimated mortality rate of 33%, compared to a 10% mortality rate in patients treated by osteopathic physicians 6 . When applied to the management of pneumonia, manual manipulation techniques bolster lymphatic flow, respiratory function, and immunological defense by targeting anatomical structures involved in the these systems 7,8, 9, 10 . The objective of this review video-article is three-fold: a) summarize the findings of randomized controlled studies on the efficacy of OMT in adult patients with diagnosed pneumonia, b) demonstrate established protocols utilized by osteopathic physicians treating pneumonia, c) elucidate the physiological mechanisms behind manual manipulation of the respiratory and lymphatic systems. Specifically, we will discuss and demonstrate four routine techniques that address autonomics, lymph drainage, and rib cage mobility: 1) Rib Raising, 2) Thoracic Pump, 3) Doming of the Thoracic Diaphragm, and 4) Muscle Energy for Rib 1. 5,11

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Lymphatic pump manipulation mobilizes inflammatory mediators into lymphatic circulation

Cited by 44 publications

References 29 publications

Insufficient Lymph Drainage Causes Abnormal Lipid Accumulation and Vein Wall Degeneration

Insufficient Lymph Drainage Causes Abnormal Lipid Accumulation and Vein Wall Degeneration

Lymphatic Pump Treatment Repeatedly Enhances the Lymphatic and Immune Systems

Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment as a Useful Adjunctive Tool for Pneumonia

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