Lymphatic drainage abnormalities in a child presenting as an unilateral vulvar swelling: a case of ‘Bicyclist's vulva’

Primary Vaginal Lymphatic Malformation in A Child :Case Report and Literature Review

“…LMs can occur at any age, 65% are seen at birth, and 80% by 1 year [3] .LMs are rarely located in the female genital tract.To the best of our knowledge, there are only 14 reports of the primary lymphatic malformations related to perineum worldwide in children [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] (Table 1). Of these, most lesions involve the labia, only 3 patients had lesions involving the vagina [10,12,15] .…”

“…As for diagnosis, most were made by pathology without MRI or CT examination in the earlier reported cases [4][5][6][7][8][9]13,16] .With the progress of imaging technology, MRI was performed in most cases reported recently,which showed that lesions involved pelvic cavity, retroperitoneum, groin, spinal muscle, buttocks, uterus, rectovaginal septum, vaginal wall,beside the superficial part of the perineum [10,12,15] .Therefore, it is speculated that the previously reported cases whose manifestations limited to the labia, may had the probability of missed diagnosis.According to recommendations from the International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies in 2015,ultrasound and MRI are the first-line imaging techniques for identifying, characterizing, and evaluating the anatomic extent of vascular malformations [18] .In our case,MRI provided direct evidence to support the diagnosis of LMs.…”