Lycopene supplementation reduces TNF-α via RAGE in the kidney of obese rats

Abstract

Background:The kidney is a target organ for injuries caused by advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in obesity. The receptor of AGEs (RAGE) is proinflammatory and appears to have a role in the pathogenesis of renal disease due to obesity.Objective:The aim was to verify the effect of obesity on renal damage and the effect of lycopene on these complicationsDesign and Methods:Male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to receive a control diet (C, n=7) or a high-fat diet plus sucrose (HD+S, n=14) for 6 weeks. After this period, the HD+S animals were randomized into two groups: HD+S (n=7) and HD+S supplemented with lycopene (HD+S+L, n=7). The animals received maize oil (C and HD+S) or lycopene (HD+S+L) for a 6-week period.Results:The HD+S and HD+S+L animals demonstrated insulin resistance (OGTT glucose after 150 min; C: 117.6±3.9<HD+S: 138.1±5.1=HD+S+L: 137.8±5.2 mg dl−1; P=0.01); however, no changes were seen in fasting glucose, plasma lipids, blood pressure or renal function. Renal concentrations of RAGE and TNF-α increased in the HD+S group and lycopene supplementation restored these to control group values (RAGE: C: 3.1±0.3=DH+S+L: 3.1±0.3<DH+S: 3.6±0.4 μg g−1; P=0.014; TNF-α: C: 227.8±2.7=DH+S+L: 227.4±2.2<DH+S: 238.7±3.0 pg/ml; P=0.014).Conclusions:Lycopene may be beneficial in the prevention and treatment of oxidative stress and inflammation in the kidney due to obesity.

The effects of lycopene on methotrexate-induced liver injury in rats

“…Mtx causes an increase in TNF-α40. There are many studies showing that Lyc treatment reduces the increase in TNF-α, one of the proinfl ammatory cytokines (15,36,37,44). However, to the best of our knowledge there is not any study showing the effect of Lyc on IL-1β levels in liver injury caused by Mtx in rats.…”

“…We measured liver transaminase levels in serum and oxidative stress and pro-infl ammatory cytokine levels in liver tissue to determine the hepatotoxicity due to MTx administration. There are several studies indicating that increased oxidative stress and proinfl ammatory cytokine levels may be effective in the Mtxinduced hepatotoxicity (15,36,37).…”

“…Akbulut et al demonstrated the cytoprotective effects of amifostine, ascorbic acid and N-acetylcysteine against Mtx-induced hepatotoxicity in rats (4). In addition, it has been reported that proinfl ammatory cytokines are involved in the pathogenesis of Mtx-induced nephrotoxicity and pneumonitis, suggesting that infl ammation may also have a possible role in Mtx-induced hepatotoxicity (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16).…”

Effects of Lycopene Alone or Combined with Melatonin on Methotrexate-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats

“…It reduces TNF-α via the receptor of advanced glycation end products which is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (Pierine et al, 2014). Lyc significantly improved oxidative stress, inflammation, lipid peroxidation, autophagy, and apoptosis in rats with contrast induced nephrotoxicity (Buyuklu et al, 2015).…”

The role of oxidative stress in renal injury related to obesity

“…Treatment with lycopene decreased systemic lipid peroxidation and renal expression of the receptor for AGEs (RAGE). The anti-inflammatory action was reflected in decreased renal TNF-alpha [30] .…”