“…However, determining LEs remains the subject of many works and grown into a real software industry for modern nonlinear physics (see, e.g. [Hegger et al, 1999;Barreira & Pesin, 2001;Skokos, 2010;Czornik et al, 2013;Pikovsky & Politi, 2016;Vallejo & Sanjuan, 2017] and others). Nowadays there are two widely used definitions 1 , of the LEs: via the exponential growth rates of norms of the fundamental matrix columns [Lyapunov, 1892] and via the exponential growth rates of the sigular values of fundamental matrix [Oseledets, 1968].…”