LXXXII.Bubbles, drops, and Stokes' law. (Paper 2)

Mass transfer with chemical reaction

“…At still higher gas flows, the bubbles produced will not have uniform sizes (1, 14) 2.1.6 Internal Circulation of Bubbles As the bubble rises in the liquid, the viscous drag of the liquid causes circulation of gas inside the bubble, sending a regular current of gas up the central axis and down the sides of the bubble. This phenomenon was predicted by Hadamalld (15) and RYbczynski (16), and was observed by many workers (2,17,18) in the field of mass transfer from would.…”

“…The exit gas passed through two dry ice-acetone cold traps [17] which condensed most of the organic vapours. The gas was then analysed by a Beckman Model 777 oxygen analyser [18]. The oxygen contents of the exit gas were recorded in a Bausch and Lomb laboratory recorder.…”

The transition in settling velocity of surfactant-covered droplets from the Stokes to the Hadamard–Rybczynski solution

“…In 1953, Savic (1953 introduced the stagnant cap model (SCM) as an explanation of the experimental results obtained by Bond (1927); Bond and Newton (1928). The SCM incorporates the effect of surfactants through a rigid cap where a no-slip boundary condition is used.…”

“…But experimentally observed terminal velocities of small drops do not match the Hadamard-Rybczynski result, but rather the Stokes result for the vast majority of combinations of "clean" fluids, see e.g. the work by Nordlund (1913); Lebedev (1916); Silvey (1916); Bond (1927); Bond and Newton (1928). In the latter work, a distinguished jump was found in the terminal velocity, going from the Stokes result to the Hadamard-Rybczynski result as the drop radius was increased.…”

Some Observations on Determining Density of Fluids by the Falling Drop Method

“…Esters, however, having approximately one-tenth thc viscosity of glycerides, could have their drop velocity accelerated by a factor of 1.1. However, a s Bond later pointed out (5), the interfacial tension between drop and medium may be sufficient to reduce this acceleration. If the radius of the drop is smaller than a critical radius, the drop behaves a s a solid even though its viscosity is less than that of the medium.…”