LX Eight Syndromes of Facial Paralysis and Their Significance in Locating the Lesion

Tschiassny, Kurt

doi:10.1177/000348945306200306

Cited by 58 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…There are two distinct neural pathways that mediate facial expressions, each one originating in a different area of the brain. The pyramidal motor system drives the voluntary facial actions and originates in the cortical motor strip, whereas the extrapyramidal motor system drives the more involuntary, emotional facial actions and originates in the subcortical areas of the brain (Meihlke 1973;Myers 1976;Tschiassny 1953). The research documenting these differences is so reliable (e.g., Brodal 1981;Karnosh 1945) that prior to modern methods that see through tissue, they served as the primary diagnostic criteria for certain brain lesions (DeMyer 1980).…”

Section: Why Do Microexpressions Occur?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microexpressions and Deception

Frank

Svetieva

2014

Understanding Facial Expressions in Communication

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Section: Why Do Microexpressions Occur?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microexpressions and Deception

Frank

Svetieva

2014

Understanding Facial Expressions in Communication

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“…Other areas of the brain send impulses to the facial nucleus when emotions are aroused involuntarily. Clinical reports about various neurological disorders (Kahn, 1966;Meihlke, 1973;Myers, 1976;Tschiassny, 1953), supports the distinction between voluntary and involuntary facial actions, and between facial movements that are easy or difficult to make deliberately.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

From flawed self‐assessment to blatant whoppers: the utility of voluntary and involuntary behavior in detecting deception

Ekman

O’Sullivan

2006

Behavioral Sci & The Law

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Malingering occupies a range on a continuum from biased self-perception to conscious, deliberate, serious lies. One aspect of this continuum is the element of self-conscious or deliberate control. Suggestions from Darwin's writings concerning the role of voluntary and involuntary activation of the facial muscles are examined and illustrated with data from a 40 year program of research on deception. The impact of the voluntary-involuntary distinction on the appearance, timing, symmetry and cohesion of facial expressions of emotion is explained. Data relevant to changes in vocal and gestural aspects of demeanor in honest and deceptive behavior are also reviewed. The relevance of these laboratory-based findings on the voluntary control of nonverbal behavior in assessing some types of malingering is discussed.

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“…This difference stems from the fact that expressions are mediated by two distinct neural systems, each one originating in a different area of the brain [4–7]. A genuinely felt or experienced emotion originates in the subcortical areas of the brain, and is involuntarily propelled onto the face via the extrapyramidal motor system [4–7]. In contrast, posed or faked expressions originate in the cortical motor strip, and are voluntarily expressed in the face via the pyramidal motor system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, posed or faked expressions originate in the cortical motor strip, and are voluntarily expressed in the face via the pyramidal motor system. Research documenting these differences was sufficiently reliable to become the primary diagnostic criteria for certain brain lesions prior to modern imaging methods (e.g [4,6–7]). These two systems may correspond to the distinction between biologically driven versus socially learned facial behavior [8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Automatic Decoding of Facial Movements Reveals Deceptive Pain Expressions

et al. 2014

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Summary In highly social species such as humans, faces have evolved to convey rich information for social interaction, including expressions of emotions and pain [1–3]. Two motor pathways control facial movement [4–7]. A subcortical extrapyramidal motor system drives spontaneous facial expressions of felt emotions. A cortical pyramidal motor system controls voluntary facial expressions. The pyramidal system enables humans to simulate facial expressions of emotions not actually experienced. Their simulation is so successful that they can deceive most observers [8–11]. Machine vision may, however, be able to distinguish deceptive from genuine facial signals by identifying the subtle differences between pyramidally and extrapyramidally driven movements. Here we show that human observers could not discriminate real from faked expressions of pain better than chance, and after training, improved accuracy to a modest 55%. However a computer vision system that automatically measures facial movements and performs pattern recognition on those movements attained 85% accuracy. The machine system’s superiority is attributable to its ability to differentiate the dynamics of genuine from faked expressions. Thus by revealing the dynamics of facial action through machine vision systems, our approach has the potential to elucidate behavioral fingerprints of neural control systems involved in emotional signaling.

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LX Eight Syndromes of Facial Paralysis and Their Significance in Locating the Lesion

Cited by 58 publications

References 6 publications

Microexpressions and Deception

Microexpressions and Deception

From flawed self‐assessment to blatant whoppers: the utility of voluntary and involuntary behavior in detecting deception

Automatic Decoding of Facial Movements Reveals Deceptive Pain Expressions

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