Luteolin-Enriched Artichoke Leaf Extract Alleviates the Metabolic Syndrome in Mice with High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity

Abstract

This current study aimed to elucidate the effects and possible underlying mechanisms of long-term supplementation with dietary luteolin (LU)-enriched artichoke leaf (AR) in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and its complications (e.g., dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease) in C57BL/6N mice. The mice were fed a normal diet, an HFD, or an HFD plus AR or LU for 16 weeks. In the HFD-fed mice, AR decreased the adiposity and dyslipidemia by decreasing lipogenesis while increasing fatty acid oxidation, which contributed to better hepatic steatosis. LU also prevented adiposity and hepatic steatosis by suppressing lipogenesis while increasing biliary sterol excretion. Moreover, AR and LU prevented insulin sensitivity by decreasing the level of plasma gastric inhibitory polypeptide and activity of hepatic glucogenic enzymes, which may be linked to the lowering of inflammation as evidenced by the reduced plasma interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels. Although the anti-metabolic syndrome effects of AR and LU were similar, the anti-adiposity and anti-dyslipidemic effects of AR were more pronounced. These results in mice with diet-induced obesity suggest that long-term supplementation with AR can prevent adiposity and related metabolic disorders such as dyslipidemia, hepatic steatosis, insulin resistance, and inflammation.

Metabolic Impact of Flavonoids Consumption in Obesity: From Central to Peripheral

“…Flavones such as apigenin, luteolin, baicalin, vitexin, nobiletin among others prevented NAFLD and hepatic steatosis mainly by modulating lipid metabolism (increasing FAO and decreasing lipogenesis) and reducing oxidative stress and inflammation [ 340 , 341 , 342 , 343 , 344 , 345 ].…”

“…A crosstalk between adipose tissue and liver has been suggested to explain the effects of luteolin on hepatic steatosis [ 347 ]. Moreover, luteolin and luteolin-enriched artichoke leaf extract administered to HFD-fed mice prevented hepatic steatosis (less and smaller lipid droplets, lower levels of C idea ) and insulin resistance by suppressing lipogenesis and gluconeogenesis (suppression of PEPCK and G6Pase activities) and increasing FAO (more CPT1a activity and higher expression of Pparα, Pgc1α and Pgc1β) [ 342 ]. The repression of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4a and of LXR/SREBP1c signaling pathway has been described as putative molecular mechanisms for luteolin improvement of liver steatosis and NAFLD [ 348 , 349 ].…”

Exploring the protective effect of Modified Xiaochaihu Decoction against hepatic steatosis and inflammation by network pharmacology and validation in ageing rats

“…Quercetin can be used as a therapeutic approach for high fat diet (HFD) induced NAFLD due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and prebiotic integrative response in C57BL/6J mice [42]. Previous reports indicate that luteolin decreases the adiposity and dyslipidemia by decreasing lipogenesis and increasing fatty acid oxidation [43,44] and anti-inflammatory [45], which contributes to protection against NAFLD. Puerarin could be a promising and practical therapeutic strategy for NAFLD by modulating PARP-1/PI3K/AKT signalling pathway [46], and by activation of AMPK and its downstream effectors involved in lipid metabolism [47,48] and JAK2/ STAT3 signalling pathways in hepatocytes [48,49].…”

Sicyos angulatus Prevents High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity and Insulin Resistance in Mice

“…Obesity and associated metabolic syndromes are growing global problems which have taken an epidemic stature over recent decades [28]. Obesity, which is defined as the accumulation of body fat, is associated with complications, such as dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease [29]. This study was carried out to investigate whether SA has anti-obesity effects in a HFD-induced obese mouse model.…”