Lutein and β-Carotene in Selected Asian Leafy Vegetables

Chandra-Hioe, Maria V.; Rahman, Hassan H.; Arcot, Jayashree

doi:10.17756/jfcn.2017-043

“…Many researchers have stated that vegetables and fruits are a source of carotenoids. Chandra-Hioe et al (2017) studied some vegetables in order to determine the range of β-carotene and found that the amount of β-carotene ranged from 1974 to 6604 μg/100 g. Hanson et al (2011) showed that the carotenoids contents varied depended on cultivar, stage of maturity, analysed part of the plants, environmental conditions, treatments of preharvest and postharvest, storage conditions and time and also seasonally. For example, flowering cabbage collected in dry season had higher βcarotene (96000 μg/100 g) than those harvested in wet season.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in Chemicals and Growth Parameters of Taşköprü Garlic

Turfan

¹

2020

Turkish JAF Sci.Tech.

0

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Main goals of the present study were (1) to initially investigate the nutrient contents and bioactive compounds in the bulb and cloves of garlic, and (2) to study the growth parameter after planting. Garlic bulbs were firstly separated into three categories as pickled, big and small, while the big garlic cloves were also classified into three categories as big, small and central. Secondly, the garlic samples were analyzed before planting for their element profile, proline, soluble protein, free amino acid, β-carotene, lycopene, total phenolic, soluble sugars, SOD and α-amylase activities. Finally, the growth parameters were measured using the cultivated cloves and the pickled bulbs. According to the result, the highest soluble protein, N, phenolic, lycopene and α amylase activity (97.06 mg, 2.58%, 971 mg, 0.368 mg and 38.13 EU, respectively) were recorded in the biggest cloves. The highest proline, amino acid, glucose content (93.84 µmol, 23.54 mg, 230.89 mg, respectively) and K, P, S, Mg, Mn, Fe and Zn (21940 ppm, 7577 ppm, 12200 ppm, 504 ppm, 38.1ppm, 377,7ppm and 44.5 ppm, respectively) were found in the pickled bulb. The maximum level of β-carotene (0.282 mg), Ca, Cl and Sr (11260ppm, 818.7ppm and 47.9 ppm) were determined in the small bulbs. Based on the growth parameters of seedlings, the highest value of shoot and root length (39.12 cm and 24.11 cm respectively), the fresh weight of shoot and root (5.29 g and 4.54 g respectively) and dry weight of shoot and root (1.70 g and 1.24 g respectively) were noted with the big cloves. The results of the current study have indicated that the pickled cloves have higher macro and micro nutrients, proline, amino acid and glucose, while the big cloves of garlic have higher proline, phenolic, N%, lycopene and amylase activity. It can be said that the big cloves showed good value for the five bioactive compounds, but the pickled exhibited good value for the macro and micro element and glucose.

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“…Analytical methods described by Chandra‐Hioe et al . (2017) and Fanning et al . (2010) were used as the initial reference extraction methods.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Building food composition tables: extraction methods to measure lutein and zeaxanthin concentrations in select Australian foods

Fitzpatrick,

Chachay,

Shore

et al. 2024

Int J of Food Sci Tech

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SummaryThe lutein and zeaxanthin (L/Z) in food composition tables has infrequently utilised methods optimised for L/Z and comprehensive data are absent, such as in Australia. These absences limit quality dietary intake research. This study investigated optimisation of extraction methods for lutein and zeaxanthin in five Australian foods analysed by high‐performance liquid chromatography and photodiode array detection. The foods were broccoli, broccolini, baby spinach, baby orange capsicum, and dried goji berry. Twelve variations in extraction methods were investigated, including saponification, sonication, and solvent choice. L/Z concentrations differed by up to more than 125% between variations. Variation nine was best for all foods except zeaxanthin in broccoli where variation five or seven were best. The L/Z concentrations measured differed in Australian and United States data; existing data may therefore not be representative of the current food supply. Development of local Australian food composition data for lutein and zeaxanthin is warranted.

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“…e semi-FFQ was applied with a specific list of 44 high L/Z foods commonly consumed in the urban ai population, including eggs (chicken and duck) as an animal source, 33 vegetables, 6 legumes, 2 maize/corn products, and one nut. Lutein and zeaxanthin levels were estimated using data from the USDA [12] and studies conducted by arasena and Lawan [13], Chandra-Hioe et al [14], and Pasaporte et al [15]. ree nutritionists reviewed the semi-FFQ before starting the collection of L/Z intake.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumption of Lutein and Zeaxanthin and Its Relation to the Level of Macular Pigment Optical Density in Thai Subjects

Sae-Lao

¹

,

Wunjuntuk

²

,

Techakriengkrai

³

et al. 2022

Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism

3

0

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The aim of the study is to determine dietary lutein and zeaxanthin (L/Z) consumption and to evaluate its association with macular pigment optical density (MPOD) in Thai subjects. Methods. This study was a cross-sectional study. A total of 120 ophthalmologically healthy subjects aged between 40 and 72 years were recruited from Bangkok and the vicinity area. Demographic data were collected using a questionnaire, while a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire assessed the L/Z intake. MPOD was determined using the reflectometry method (VISUCAM 500®, Carl Zeiss Meditec AG). Pearson’s correlation coefficient analyzed the relationship between L/Z consumption and MPOD. Results. The mean age of the participants was 50.7 ± 7.5 years. The mean consumption of L/Z was 3.03 ± 2.65 mg per day. The mean MPOD was 0.102 ± 0.023 density units. Consumption of foods rich in L/Z, including ivy gourd (r = 0.217, p < 0.05 ), Chinese flowering cabbage (r = 0.194, p < 0.05 ), balsam pear (r = 0.193, p < 0.05 ), lettuce (r = 0.182, p < 0.05 ), sweet corn (r = 0.181, p < 0.05 ), and pumpkin (r = 0.181, p < 0.05 ), was positively associated with the mean optical density (mean MPOD). Consumption of green onion (r = 0.212, p < 0.05 ) was positively associated with the sum of optical densities (MPOD volume). In contrast, chilli pepper consumption showed a negative association with mean MPOD (r = −0.220, p < 0.05 ) and amaranth showed a negative association with MPOD volume (r = −0.283, p < 0.05 ). No association was found between total L/Z consumption and MPOD. Conclusion. L/Z consumption is low among Thais living in Bangkok and the vicinity area, which may not be sufficient to ensure eye health, and total L/Z consumption is not associated with MPOD.

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Lutein and β-Carotene in Selected Asian Leafy Vegetables

Cited by 14 publications

References 19 publications

Variation in Chemicals and Growth Parameters of Taşköprü Garlic

Variation in Chemicals and Growth Parameters of Taşköprü Garlic

Building food composition tables: extraction methods to measure lutein and zeaxanthin concentrations in select Australian foods

Consumption of Lutein and Zeaxanthin and Its Relation to the Level of Macular Pigment Optical Density in Thai Subjects

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