Lutein administration to pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus is associated to a decrease of oxidative stress in newborns

Lorenzoni, Francesca; Giampietri, Matteo; Ferri, Giulia; Lunardi, Sara; Madrigali, Valeria; Battini, Lorella; Boldrini, Antonio; Ghirri, Paolo

doi:10.3109/09513590.2013.808329

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…There is recent evidence to support that maternal supplementation can impact the health of the newborn. Mothers supplemented with carotenoids including 10 mg lutein and 2 mg zeaxanthin from the 28th week of pregnancy gave birth to newborns with lower oxidative stress values, as compared to newborns born to mothers who did not receive such supplementation [176]. Free radical damage caused by oxidative stress can cause structural and functional damage to cells and tissues, leading to many pregnancy complications and abnormalities.…”

Section: Carotenoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Gaps and Supplementation in the First 1000 Days

Korczak²,

et al. 2019

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Optimized nutrition during the first 1000 days (from conception through the 2nd birthday) is critical for healthy development and a healthy life for the newborn. Pregnancy and the postpartum period are accompanied by physiological changes, increased energy needs, and changing requirements in the nutrients critical for optimal growth and development. Infants and toddlers also experience physiological changes and have specific nutritional needs. Food and nutrition experts can provide women of childbearing age with adequate dietary advice to optimize nutrition, as well as guidance on selecting appropriate dietary supplements. Considering the approaching 2020–2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) will be making specific recommendations for children, it is important to provide accurate scientific information to support health influencers in the field of nutrition. The purpose of this review is to summarize the nutrition and supplementation literature for the first 1000 days; to highlight nutritional and knowledge gaps; and to educate nutrition influencers to provide thoughtful guidance to mothers and families. Optimal nutrition during pregnancy through early childhood is critical for supporting a healthy life. Nutrition influencers, such as dietitians, obstetricians/gynecologists, and other relevant health professionals, should continue guiding supplement and food intake and work closely with expectant families and nutrition gatekeepers.

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Section: Carotenoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Gaps and Supplementation in the First 1000 Days

Korczak²,

et al. 2019

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“…Only few clinical studies have evaluated potential beneficial effects of antioxidant administration to offsprings born from mothers with GDM. [32][33][34] The current therapy of GDM is largely glucose-centric and the major therapeutic goal is to achieve glucose levels as much as possible close to normal pregnancy values. 35 Lastly, current therapies do not target inflammation, which, as is clearly described, is critical to determine OS-related consequences in offspring.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetes or Obesity in Pregnancy and Oxidative Stress in the Offspring

et al. 2016

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During normal gestations, oxidant molecules have many physiological functions, which are summarized in controlling cellular fate and signaling, thus playing a crucial role in pregnancy development. Oxidative stress (OS) arises when the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) overwhelms the intrinsic antioxidant defenses. OS is implicated in the pathophysiology of many complications of human pregnancy, such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), in which both free-radical production and antioxidant defenses are disrupted. The mechanisms of such kind of relation between OS and gestational diabetes have been analyzed during the years. Hyperglycemia leads to an increased production of ROS through different metabolic pathways. Thus, when ROS production increases, transcription factors (TFs) such as nuclear factor-?B will become activated and lead to insulin resistance due to the impairment of insulin signaling. Moreover, TFs may also induce proinflammatory cytokine expression, such as interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-?, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, which are able to cause insulin resistance directly or indirectly. Placental tissue, fetuses and preterm infants are greatly susceptible to OS damage because of the organ and functional immaturity. ROS were first suggested to be related to diabetes-induced teratogenicity by Eriksson and Borg. Indeed, during the period of organogenesis, ROS attack on DNA represents the first step involved in mutagenesis, carcinogenesis, and fetal programming. Therefore, pregnancies complicated with GDM have miscarriage, PROM, and other anomaly rates higher than nondiabetic gestation. Furthermore, children of GDM mothers are at high risk to develop obesity and type 2 diabetes later in life. The management of OS, along with tight glycemic control, could be beneficial, both preconceptionally and during pregnancy, in women with GDM. However, whether an antioxidant supplementation or a diet rich in antioxidants can prevent the consequences of OS in the offspring or not is yet to be elucidated.

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“…Otherwise, infants born to diabetic mothers treated with lutein had significantly lower TH levels compared with those born to untreated mothers at two hours of life. 45 So the placental dysfunction in diabetic women, which means lower antioxidant protection to the fetus, can be balanced with supplementation of lutein, not only in mothers during pregnancy but also in infants from the first day of life.…”

Section: Antioxidant Effects Of Lutein In Perinatal Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant Effects of Lutein in Neonatal Period

et al. 2016

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During fetal life, a right balance between oxidants and antioxidants is required for survival and growth of the fetus. At birth, an overproduction of free radicals (FRs) together with poor antioxidant defenses may be detrimental for developing organs and tissues. Protecting the newborn infant against perinatal oxidative stress (OS) is a health care priority, and therefore the search for new, safe, and efficacious antioxidants has been a major quest during the last decade. Due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, lutein, a compound belonging to the xanthophyll family of carotenoids, is one of the most promising molecules with clinical application during neonatal age. Lutein is not synthesized by humans, hence the intake primarily depends on diet. In the neonatal period, fresh human milk is the main source of lutein, though lutein-enriched infant formulas are now available. Oral supplementation represents an alternative source of lutein, and it has been demonstrated to decrease plasma biomarkers of OS and increase antioxidant capacity in the first days of life.

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Lutein administration to pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus is associated to a decrease of oxidative stress in newborns

Cited by 17 publications

References 15 publications

Nutritional Gaps and Supplementation in the First 1000 Days

Nutritional Gaps and Supplementation in the First 1000 Days

Diabetes or Obesity in Pregnancy and Oxidative Stress in the Offspring

Antioxidant Effects of Lutein in Neonatal Period

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