Luteal phase deficiency as a possible cause of repeat breeding in dairy cows

Effects of season on plasma progesterone profiles in repeat breeding cows

“…These results are consistent with the findings of Lamming and Darwash (1995) who reported that delayed formation of the corpus luteum has a major effect in terms of embryo survival and conception. Kimura et al (1987) observed that 62% of repeat breeder cows had progesterone deficiency during the early phase of the oestrous cycle. Inadequate luteal function may be of prime importance because normal embryonic development depends upon sequential changes in uterine secretion under the influence of progesterone (Wilmut et al 1986).…”

“…The sensitivity of the assay was 0.01 ng/ml. Based on plasma progesterone profiles, different luteal dysfunctions in repeat breeding cows were defined (Kimura et al 1987;Hommeida et al 2004;Ghanem et al 2010). Briefly, normal luteal function was defined by progesterone concentrations elevated to 1 ng/ml or more at or before Day 6 post-AI and which reached 2 ng/ml or higher during the mid-luteal phase.…”

“…The incidence of repeat breeding increases in response to inadequate oestrus detection (Heuwieser et al 1997;Pursley et al 1998), resulting in errors in timing of insemination in relation to the onset of standing oestrus, or insemination of cows not in oestrus (Yusuf et al 2010). Other potential factors have also been suggested, such as quality of semen and insemination technique (Hallap et al 2006;Morrell 2006), uterine and/or cervical/vaginal infections (Moss et al 2002), endocrine disorders (Gustafsson 1998;Bage et al 2002;Lopez-Gatius et al 2004), ovulation failures (Kimura et al 1987;Silvia 1994), obstructed oviducts, defective ova, anatomical defects of the reproductive tract (Silvia 1994), and early embryonic death (Gustafsson 1998;Bage et al 2002). Lower parity, abnormal resumption of postpartum ovarian cycles, and shorter days in milk Veterinarni Medicina, 60, 2015 (5): 227-234 doi: 10.17221/8174-VETMED at first AI were identified as risk factors for repeat breeding (Yusuf et al 2010).…”

“…Amongst various factors associated with the occurrence of repeat breeding syndrome, asynchronous hormonal interplay is one of the major factors causing fertilisation failure and early embryonic mortality (Kimura et al 1987;Lafi and Kaneene 1988). Delayed formation of the corpus luteum (CL) either alone or in combination with lowered secretion of progesterone during the luteal phase has been identified as one of the major causes of repeat breeding syndrome (Kimura et al 1987;Thatcher et al 1994).…”

“…Delayed formation of the corpus luteum (CL) either alone or in combination with lowered secretion of progesterone during the luteal phase has been identified as one of the major causes of repeat breeding syndrome (Kimura et al 1987;Thatcher et al 1994).…”