Lupus vulgaris due to<i>Mycobacterium bovis</i>bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) at the site of previous BCG vaccination

Walker, Stephen; Lozewicz, S.; Sood, Rita; Mann, Tiffanie; Campalani, E.; Hubbard, VG

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2230.2008.03057.x

Cited by 12 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Since BCG is usually considered to be avirulent, it is used for vaccination against tuberculosis in Japan for infants. On the other hand, a previous report suggested that delayed granuloma formation could develop at the BCG vaccination site, though the granuloma-composing cells were still unknown [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]. In this report, we describe a case of lupus vulgaris (LV) arising from a BCG vaccination site 22 years after vaccination which was composed of M2-polarized macrophages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

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M2-Polarized Macrophages Compose Lupus Vulgaris Arising from a Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Vaccination Site

et al. 2016

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Since bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is an attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis, lupus vulgaris (LV) is reported as one of the rare complications after BCG vaccination, correlating with immunosuppression in the lesional skin. In this report, we describe a case of LV arising from the BCG vaccination site 22 years after vaccination. Interestingly, in the present case, granuloma cells were composed of M2-polarized macrophages. Our case might explain the contribution of M2-polarized macrophages to the biology of LV arising from a BCG vaccination site.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is an attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis [1, 2]. Since BCG is usually considered to be avirulent, it is used for vaccination against tuberculosis in Japan for infants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

M2-Polarized Macrophages Compose Lupus Vulgaris Arising from a Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Vaccination Site

et al. 2016

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“…Skin biopsy shows accumulations of epithelioid histiocytes with Langerhans giant cells and varying amount of caseation necrosis in the center; however, the absence of caseation necrosis may not rule out the diagnosis of TB (5). Prevalence of LV is 1 per 100000 to 200000 vaccinations (3,6). Incidence of LV increases by multiple vaccinations (7).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Results of laboratory tests were: WBC 18110/mm 3 , Neut 62%, Lymph 30%, Mono 7.5% and Eos 0.3%, Hb 10 mmol/L, and platelet count was 241000/mm 3 . ESR was 13 mm/h, CRP +.…”

Section: Case Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Vaccine-Induced Lupus Vulgaris in a Child With Trisomy 9

Movahedi

Sotoudeh

Mamishi

et al. 2016

Arch Pediatr Infect Dis

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Introduction: Lupus vulgaris (LV) is one type of cutaneous Tuberculosis (TB) but a rare complication of (BCG) vaccination. Case Presentation: We report a 13-month-old boy with trisomy 9 who developed LV on his right arm with extension to anterior part of the chest one month after BCG vaccination. Culture and Gram stain was negative for mycobacteria. The diagnosis was confirmed by clinical and histopathological correlation and eventually Mycobacterium bovis was detected in tissues using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method. The patient was treated with isoniazid, rifampin and ethambutol. Two months after drug therapy, marked improvement was developed. Conclusions: Post immunization LV is a rare complication of the BCG vaccine and should be considered by any physician. Lupus vulgaris is a paucibacillary form of TB. Therefore, acid fast bacilli are not detected in most cases. The PCR is a useful method for confirmation of the diagnosis of LV.

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Mycobacterial Infections

Yates,

Walker

2016

Rook's Textbook of Dermatology, Ninth Edition

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Infections of the skin caused by mycobacteria have a wide geographical distribution. The clinical manifestations are varied and not necessarily species‐specific. Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection of the skin is often a chronic infection but may present as immunological phenomena – tuberculids. An increasing number of species are recognized as causing non‐tuberculous mycobacterial infections. Immunosuppression appears to increase the risk of some mycobacterial infections and the role of HIV and iatrogenic immune modulation are notable risk factors. Molecular diagnostics have increased the ability to identify specific organisms but prolonged antimicrobial therapy is often required.

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Lupus vulgaris due toMycobacterium bovisbacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) at the site of previous BCG vaccination

Cited by 12 publications

References 3 publications

M2-Polarized Macrophages Compose Lupus Vulgaris Arising from a Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Vaccination Site

M2-Polarized Macrophages Compose Lupus Vulgaris Arising from a Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Vaccination Site

Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Vaccine-Induced Lupus Vulgaris in a Child With Trisomy 9

Mycobacterial Infections

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