SUMMARYThe rabbit-passaged L strain of rinderpest virus (RV) causes the transient induction ofanti-nuclear antibodies (ANA) in rabbits. It has been show-n by an indirect immunofluorcscence test thai the target antigens of these ANA arc DNA and/or DNA histone complexes (nucleohistone). Here detailed examinations of the target antigens were carried out by ELISA. and it was revealed that rabbit sera contained three types of antibodies: antibodies reacting equally with both dsDNA and ssDNA; those reacting with ssDNA alone: and those reacting wilh nucleohistone. Epitopes recognized by the third type consisted ofcomptexcs of dsDNA and H2A-t-H2B or of dsDNA and H2B. All types of antibodies were antigen specific. Since the diversity of ANA among experimental rabbits was large, it was suggested that genetic background is important in the induction of antidsDNA antibodies in this system. Moreover, early induction of antibodies lo nucleohistone and the rapid disappearance of.AN A suggest ihat Bcell proliferation; maturation for continuous production of ANA requires factors other ihan RV infeclion. This system may help elucidate the mechanisms of ANA induclion and the development of autoimmune diseases.