Lung tumours in children

McCahon, Emma

doi:10.1016/j.prrv.2006.05.002

Cited by 49 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Primary lung tumors are exceptionally rare in children . 63 However, the lung is a common site for metastases, even years following treatment. 64 Pulmonary toxicity as a result of anticancer therapy may range in severity from subclinical abnormalities on PFT to disabling and life-threatening pulmonary syndromes.…”

Section: Disease-and Treatment-induced Pulmonary Toxicity In Survivormentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary Outcomes in Survivors of Childhood Cancer

Huang

Hudson

Stokes

et al. 2011

Chest

136

137

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O ver the last 3 decades, therapeutic progress has resulted in a growing population of survivors of childhood cancer. In 2006, there were Ͼ 11 million cancer survivors in the United States, three times the number of survivors in 1971. 1 The 5-year survival rate for children diagnosed with cancer is approaching 85%, 2 and an estimated one in 570 individuals in the United States between the ages of 20 and 34 is a survivor of childhood cancer. 3 Unfortunately, increased survival rates are not without consequences. There is substantial evidence Background: The purpose of this article is to summarize the literature that documents the longterm impact of cancer treatment modalities on pulmonary function among survivors of cancer and to identify potential areas for further research. Methods: Systematic reviews of clinical trials, observational studies, case series, and review articles were conducted. Articles were limited to the studies that discussed pulmonary toxicity or late effects among pediatric cancer survivors and to follow-up investigations that were conducted a minimum of 2 years after completion of cancer-related treatment or 1 year after hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Results: Sixty publications (51 clinical studies/reports and nine reviews) published from January 1970 to June 2010 in PubMed met the inclusion criteria. Data showed an association between radiotherapy, alkylating agents, bleomycin, hematopoietic stem cell transplant, and thoracic surgery and pulmonary toxicity, as well as possible interactions among these modalities. Conclusions: Pulmonary toxicity is a common long-term complication of exposure to certain anticancer therapies in childhood and can vary from subclinical to life threatening. Pulmonary function and associated loss of optimal exercise capacity may have adverse effects on long-term quality of life in survivors. Lung function diminishes as a function of normal aging, and the effects of early lung injury from cancer therapy may compound these changes. The information presented in this review is designed to provide a stimulus to promote both observational and interventional research that expands our knowledge and aids in the design of interventions to prevent or ameliorate pulmonary late effects among survivors of childhood cancer. CHEST 2011; 140(4):881-901Abbreviations: ALL 5 acute lymphoblastic leukemia; BCNU 5 carmustine; CCNU 5 lomustine; D lco 5 diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide; GVHD 5 graft-vs-host disease; gy 5 gray; HL 5 Hodgkin's lymphoma; HSCT 5 hematopoietic stem cell transplant; NHL 5 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma; PFT 5 pulmonary function testing; TLC 5 total lung capacity

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Section: Disease-and Treatment-induced Pulmonary Toxicity In Survivormentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary Outcomes in Survivors of Childhood Cancer

Huang

Hudson

Stokes

et al. 2011

Chest

136

137

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“…As up to 30-40 % of children with osteosarcoma eventually develop pulmonary metastases and complete surgical remission is the main prognostic factor affecting survival, routine chest CT surveillance, and pulmonary metastasectomy of osteosarcoma patients may be justified (Diemel et al 2009). In an osteosarcoma patient, pulmonary nodules, particularly those that are calcified or greater than 5 mm in diameter, should be regarded as malignant until proven otherwise (McCahon 2006;Brader et al 2011). CT also tends to underestimate the number of metastatic pulmonary nodules found at thoracotomy in osteosarcoma patients (Kayton et al 2006).…”

Section: Pulmonary Metastasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary and Extrathymic Mediastinal Tumors

Lyons

Guillerman

McHugh

2014

Pediatric Chest Imaging

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“…A wide variety of tumors can metastasize to the lungs. Lung metastases are most common in Wilms tumor and osteosarcoma [ 8 ]. They can also be seen in Ewing sarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, lymphoma/leukemia, hepatocelluar carcinoma, hepatoblastoma, and neuroblastoma.…”

Section: Malignant Tumors Secondarymentioning

confidence: 99%