Lung tumor presenting with acute myocardial infarction and lower extremity arterial embolism

Abstract

Background Lung tumor embolization leading to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is rare. Previouscases of lung tumor embolization were reported in the coronary artery. We describe here a case of lung tumor embolization leading to the simultaneous occurrence of AMI and lower extremity arterial embolism. Case presentation A 64-year-old patient was admitted to the emergency department complaining of chest pain and was diagnosed with AMI.An echocardiography showed a mass in the left atrium that was speculated to be a myxoma. An emergency coronary angiography found no evidence of atherosclerosis. On the second day of admission, the patient was diagnosed with lower extremity arterial embolism. Initially, we speculated that the left atrium myxoma caused an embolism resulting in the AMI and lower extremity arterial embolism.However, a lung tumor was the real cause of both conditions. Unfortunately, the patient abandoned treatment when he learned of his disease and died three days later after being discharged from the hospital. Conclusions Lung tumor embolism is an extremely rare cause of AMI. Even rarer is the case presented here, in which a lung tumor embolism caused AMI and lower extremity arterial embolism. Clinicians should recognize lung tumor embolism as a potential cause of AMI.

Acute Limb Ischemia Caused by Embolus of Primary Lung Cancer Complicating Trousseau’s Syndrome

“…Some studies have reported that advanced lung cancer should be considered to be a differential diagnosis of arterial embolism. 3 , 5 – 7 ) The present case had a highly mobile mass in the LA, which was responsible for acute lower extremity ischemia. Since the mass could result in thrombus formation in the LA, we conducted echocardiography to confirm that it originated from the primary lung cancer with continuity.…”

Tumor embolism and acute arterial occlusion: A systematic review

“…Discharged. Morbidity with stroke Liu et al [ 18 ] Lung cancer Invasion into left atrium Coronary artery (Acute MI) Acute limb ischemia Treatment abandoned Death Herbert et al [ 19 ] Left Atrial Myxoma Cerebral white matter Left popliteal artery Surgical excision Discharged Murugan et al [ 20 ] Invasive ductal Breast cancer Liver metastases Pulmonary artery Thrombolysis Death Hattori et al [ 21 ] Adenocarcinoma of prostate Haematogenous metastases Pulmonary artery (on autopsy) Death Yoshikawa et al [ 22 ] Pleomorphic Lung cancer Vascular invasion Right middle cerebral artery Mechanical embolectomy Successful revascularisation. Morbidity due to stroke Oyama et al [ 23 ] Mucoepidermoid Lung cancer Right pulmonary vein and left atrium invasion Distal left internal carotid artery Mechanical thrombectomy Successful revascularisation Death Mouadili et al [ 24 ] Left atrial Myxoma Left femoral artery Right distal popliteal artery Bilateral embolectomy Surgical excision Successful revascularisation.…”

A COVID-19 Diagnosis Like an Avalanche Triggers a Series of Adverse Events but Saves a Life in the End

“…Several mechanisms of MI in cancer patients have been proposed [ 14 , 15 , 16 ]. The metastases of lung cancer to the heart can block coronary arteries directly, causing acute myocardial infarctions.…”

“…There is a possibility that such a situation does exist, although it is relatively rare. In the literature, several cases of myocardial infarction associated with metastatic lung cancer have been reported [ 14 , 15 , 16 ]. As the patient we describe here did not have a diagnosed metastatic disease, we may suspect that COVID-19 and the accumulation of the patient’s other traditional risk factors (smoking, diabetes type 2, hyperlipidaemia, and hypertension) could have contributed to the MI.…”