Lung Toxicity Bioassay Study in Rats with Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes

Role of systemic T-cells and histopathological aspects after subcutaneous implantation of various carbon nanotubes in mice

“…As a model of pulmonary toxicology on CNTs, Warheit et al [10] showed acute lung toxicity of intratracheally instilled SWNTs in rats, evaluated by histopathological investigation at 24 h, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months post-instillation. They showed a high mortality after exposures of SWNT, resulting from mechanical obstruction of the upper airways within 24 hours.…”

“…Recently published studies on pulmonary toxicity of CNTs proved that inhaled CNTs induced the 2 formation of epithelial granulomas and inflammation [9,10]. Furthermore, it is suggested that some nanoparticles might be toxic to human keratinocytes [11].…”

“…Furthermore, it is suggested that some nanoparticles might be toxic to human keratinocytes [11]. When considering application of CNTs especially in biomedical engineering and in vivo chemistry, their biocompatibility have to be evaluated clearly because CNTs exhibited cytotoxicity to human keratinocyte cells [11,12], have inhibited the growth of embryonic rat-brain neuron cells [13] and have induced formation of lung granulomas in mice [9,10,14]. Therefore, it is essential that their biocompatibility and also their potential toxicity be investigated systematically.…”

The Impact of Nanobiotechnology on the Development of New Drug Delivery Systems

“…Nanoparticles can become toxic because they take on catalytic properties and become biologically engulfable. In contrast to microparticles, cellular uptake of nanoparticles is favoured and standard histological assays showed that pulmonary applied dose of carbon nanoparticles remained intact even after 90 days [30]. If nanoparticulate drug delivery systems become widespread, concerns about nanoparticles´ toxicity must be addressed.…”

Health hazard evaluation report: HETA-2005-0291-3025, University of Dayton Research Institute, Dayton, Ohio.

“…Studies in rodents have shown that the toxicity of some nanoscale particles correlates with increased particle surface area, 11 whereas other particles demonstrate no increase in toxicity with decreased size. 12 There are no wearable instruments that can monitor the surface area of particles in a worker's breathing zone. While there could be a correlation between mass and surface area (i.e., mass of each particle multiplied by the specific surface area of each particle), there are typically large variations between particle mass and surface area.…”