Lung Screening Benefits and Challenges: A Review of The Data and Outline for Implementation

Sands, Jacob; Tammemägi, Martin C.; Couraud, S.; Baldwin, David R; Kitts, Andrea Borondy; Yankelevitz, David F.; Lewis, Jennifer; Grannis, Fred; Kauczor, Hans‐Ulrich; Stackelberg, Oyunbileg von; Sequist, Lecia V.; Pastorino, Ugo; McKee, Brady

doi:10.1016/j.jtho.2020.10.127

Cited by 73 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…Between 2019 and early 2020, seventy-four percent of patients who qualified for lung cancer screening received such screening through our Tobacco Treatment Clinic, significantly higher than the U.S. average of 4% ( Sands et al, 2021 ). The majority of such patients in our study were African American and/or from socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods, both of which are sociodemographic variables known to result in lower lung cancer screenings ( Jemal and Fedewa, 2017 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…However, despite such evidence, lung cancer screening has been underutilized in the US ( Pham et al, 2020 , Jemal and Fedewa, 2017 , Soneji et al, 2017 ). For instance, only 4% of eligible patients undergo lung cancer screening ( Sands et al, 2021 ), and 18% of current US adult smokers reported a discussion with their healthcare providers regarding lung cancer screening in the prior year ( Soneji et al, 2020 ). Further, there are health disparities in regards to lung cancer screenings in the US, specifically amongst African Americans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improving lung cancer screening: An equitable strategy through a tobacco treatment clinic

Galiatsatos

Schreiber

Green

et al. 2021

Preventive Medicine Reports

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Annual screening with low dose chest tomography has been adopted for those at high risk to aid in the early detection of lung cancer. In addition to screening, it is recommended that such persons receive evidence-based smoking-cessation. However, both lung cancer screening and evidence-based smoking-cessation strategies are underutilized in the US. We review the impact of a dedicated Tobacco Treatment Clinic (TTC), delivering evidence-based smoking cessation strategies, on lung cancer screening enrollment. Patients of the TTC, aged 50 years or older, having a minimum 20-pack-year smoking history were included. All patients had records reviewed to see if they had received lung cancer screening; if their lung cancer screening was achieved through the TTC, this was documented as “initial screening” versus “continued screening or surveillance”. Sociodemographic variables were collected as well. As for results, between January 2019 to February 2020, 92 patients enrolled in the TTC and fulfilled criteria for lung cancer screening. The mean age was 65.7 ± 8.3 years old, with 58 (63.0%) of the patients being female. Seventy-five (81.5%) patients were African American. Of the 92, 68 (73.9%) patients had lung cancer screening, with 51 patients receiving their first lung cancer screening scan through the TTC. In conclusion, through enrollment in a dedicated TTC, a significant proportion of patients were able to access lung cancer screening for the first time. Further, many of these patients were of minority status. Having a dedicated TTC may improve current health equity gaps in lung cancer screenings in certain US populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving lung cancer screening: An equitable strategy through a tobacco treatment clinic

Galiatsatos

Schreiber

Green

et al. 2021

Preventive Medicine Reports

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“…Anatomical segmentectomy has been considered for many years a rescue resection procedure only for high risk patients deemed inoperable for lobar resection due to decreased pulmonary function or comorbidity (1). However, as minimally invasive thoracic surgery developed, the idea of lung-sparing resection became more attractive for thoracic surgeons, especially due to advances in early diagnosis and lung cancer screening programs already available in some countries (2)(3)(4). Many studies show evidence that anatomical segmentectomies are oncologically correct for some subtypes of early stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (5)(6)(7)(8), but their indications are also extended to benign or metastasic central lesions, or even multifocal or recurrent primary cancers (9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonintubated anatomical segmentectomy: does the benefit overcome the risks?—a narrative review

Gálvez¹,

Bolufer²,

Corcoles³

et al. 2022

J Vis Surg

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Objective: Search the evidence available regarding nonintubated anatomical segmentectomies and discuss about outcomes.Background: Nonintubated thoracic surgery has evolved since initial "rescue procedures" for highrisk patients under awake anesthesia, until sedative nonintubated resections including anatomical segmentectomies. Nonetheless, very few experienced centers in Asia have collected most of this short caseload worldwide, thus reflecting the difficult advance in this very specific minimally-invasive procedure. In fact, the evidence about nonintubated segmentectomies suggests only little benefits in terms of postoperative recovery (chest tube duration, hospital stay). Methods:We review comparative studies, randomized trials, systematic reviews and meta-analysis about nonintubated segmentectomies since its first report. We focused in some controversial aspects and which the conclusions should be.Conclusions: Evidence regarding the potential benefit of nonintubated segmentectomies is really poor nowadays due to very few studies reported from just highly-experienced centers. The evidence points to a better postoperative recovery in terms of chest tube duration and hospital stay, but these advantages are limited by non-randomized design and methodological biases. Nonetheless the standard with general anesthesia and orotracheal intubation is highly safe in the low-risk cohort of patients strictly selected for nonintubated segmentectomies, so it seems that the expected advantages of this anesthetic method have not been reached or at least not been assessed, especially those regarding respiratory complications and stress biomarkers. Efforts should be made in order to clarify the concepts and the targeted population, homogenize the anesthetic methods, design randomized trials assessing the variables where the expected benefits can be measured, and state conclusion according to these outcomes.

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“…In addition, nearly 75% of patients diagnosed are already in the terminal stages of the disease. Although it is possible to assess risk and optimize therapy for every patient by clinical and pathological indicators, such as positron emission tomography CT (PET-CT) or pathology results, these indicators cannot be quanti ed to differentiate a patient with low risk from a patient high risk and are not su cient in clearly assessing individual circumstances [5,6]. Thus, a dependable novel signature with early diagnostic e cacy and prognostic predictive power would greatly improve patient care and treatment development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic and Prognostic Values of a Branched-chain Amino Acid-associated Gene Signature in Lung Cancer

Jiang

et al. 2021

Preprint

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BackgroundLung cancer is the malignancy with the highest morbidity and mortality worldwide. Several studies have indicated that branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) can regulate cancer progression and metabolism. In this study, a BCAA-associated prognostic signature was established and assessed to verify whether it can be used in clinical treatment of patients with non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC).MethodsThe candidate BCAA-associated genes were screened from TCGA cohort by differential expression analysis. Two datasets, the training and test sets, were divided from the lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), and LUSC-only datasets in TCGA cohort and the novel model were constructed based on the training dataset. Moreover, all prognosis-related genes were screened via univariate Cox analysis. The LASSO Cox method was used to avoid collinearity. To further probe the clinical effect, a large number of clinical characteristics were included in the prognostic risk model. The outcomes for the calibration curves and nomogram proved the capability of the prognostic signature.ResultsBased on the 366 samples in the training set, six survival-related genes (CAV1, GRIA1, LDHA, AOX1, GRIN2D, and AKR1C1) were screened using the LASSO Cox regression analysis. Patients were divided into high- and low-risk groups. The signature demonstrated good diagnostic and prognostic capabilities.ConclusionWe developed the first-ever BCAA-related signature with both prognostic predictive power and diagnostic efficacy. The prognostic signature and diagnostic model suggested that the expression of BCAAs could serve as a powerful potential marker in cancer clinical treatment in the future.

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Lung Screening Benefits and Challenges: A Review of The Data and Outline for Implementation

Cited by 73 publications

References 94 publications

Improving lung cancer screening: An equitable strategy through a tobacco treatment clinic

Improving lung cancer screening: An equitable strategy through a tobacco treatment clinic

Nonintubated anatomical segmentectomy: does the benefit overcome the risks?—a narrative review

Diagnostic and Prognostic Values of a Branched-chain Amino Acid-associated Gene Signature in Lung Cancer

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