Lung microbiome dynamics in COPD exacerbations

Wang, Zhang; Bafadhel, Mona; Haldar, Koirobi; Spivak, Aaron; Mayhew, David; Miller, Bruce E.; Tal‐Singer, Ruth; Johnston, Sebastian L.; Ramsheh, Mohammadali Yavari; Barer, Michael R.; Brightling, Christopher E.; Brown, James R.

doi:10.1183/13993003.01406-2015

Cited by 324 publications

(409 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Interestingly, there is an increase in Moraxella and Haemophilus populations during exacerbations with a concurrent decrease in Streptococcus identified. These shifts in taxa composition are in keeping with the findings of Wang et al [37] who found an overall reduction in alpha diversity, the microbial diversity within a sample, during exacerbations when compared with 'stable' samples.…”

Section: The Impact Of the Microbiome On Infection And Exacerbationsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…This inchoate paradigm, which expounds the concept describing how minimal fluctuations in the abundances of relatively few bacterial species may profoundly alter the microbial community dynamic and potentially impact the human disease state [37]. For example, Actinobacteria, a species whose abundance decreases during COPD exacerbations, comprises a multitude of metabolically diverse organisms which produce secondary metabolites, including those with antimicrobial activity [40].…”

Section: The Impact Of the Microbiome On Infection And Exacerbationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Respiratory Microbiome in COPD

O’Carroll¹,

Peart²,

Mullen³

et al. 2018

COPD - An Update in Pathogenesis and Clinical Management

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In classical teaching, the lungs were thought of as a sterile environment with the isolation of bacteria on sputum or bronchoalveolar lavage sampling felt to represent pathogenic colonisation in disease states. This teaching has been over-turned with the discovery of a rich microbiome in the respiratory tract. The respiratory microbiome is a huge target for novel research in many fields, most notable in that of airway diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Next-generation sequencing is a cultureindependent method for microbial sampling which has transformed the accuracy and speed at which whole microbial communities can be described in studies. This has led to an explosion of knowledge regarding the human respiratory microbiome. COPD is a common, chronic disease of the respiratory system involving an irreversible airway obstruction which places huge burden on patients and healthcare systems alike. The respiratory microbiome is different in those who suffer from COPD than in those without the disease, but little is known as to the role of the microbiome in disease pathogenesis or manifestation. This chapter aims to outline the advances in sequencing methods in relation to the microbiome and establish a description of the respiratory microbiome in health and in COPD. We will describe the existing literature on the topic and discuss potential key areas for future research.

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Section: The Impact Of the Microbiome On Infection And Exacerbationsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: The Impact Of the Microbiome On Infection And Exacerbationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Respiratory Microbiome in COPD

O’Carroll¹,

Peart²,

Mullen³

et al. 2018

COPD - An Update in Pathogenesis and Clinical Management

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Microbiome analyses have demonstrated a different pattern in infectious and eosinophilic exacerbations, with a clear overrepresentation of Firmicutes in the second situation, in front of the predominance of Proteobacteria in exacerbations showing positive cultures for bacteria (32). This finding supports the clinical characterization of exacerbations in these two categories, considering that their microbial pattern is fully different, and will require different therapeutic approaches.…”

Section: Exacerbationsupporting

confidence: 74%

Microbiome in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Monsó¹

2017

Ann. Transl. Med.

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The introduction of culture-independent techniques for the microbiological analysis of respiratory samples has confirmed that the respiratory system hosts a large number of microorganisms, which include a wide range of bacteria. The regular exposure to tobacco smoke changes the microbiome in healthy smokers, first in the oropharynx, increasing the presence of a restricted number of genera which attain high relative abundance, a pattern that may be considered as dysbiosis. In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), microbiome analyses of sputum samples have demonstrated an important decline in bacterial diversity, with a change to a restricted flora with an overrepresentation of the Proteobacteria phylum, which include most of the bacteria commonly considered as potentially pathogenic microorganisms, paralleled by a decline in the relative abundance of microorganisms part of the Firmicutes phylum. In exacerbations, specific bacteria overrepresented in microbiome analyses and potentially causal of the acute episode may not be recovered by sputum culture, while colonizing microorganisms grow easily, in spite that their relative abundance have not changed from previous stability. This situation has been described in patients showing chronic colonization by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, who suffer from exacerbations that in most cases are due to other PPMs, in spite of the persistence of positive cultures for the colonizing Pseudomonas strains.Interaction between different microorganisms can be addressed through microbiome analyses, and functional metagenomics, that describes the genomic potential of the community, has shown that, in spite that the bronchial microbiome as a whole may not change significantly, clear changes in carbohydrate metabolism, cancer, cell growth and death, transport and catabolism pathways often appear during exacerbations. These functional changes may be important because through them the resident community as a whole show its power to modify important metabolic patterns.

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“…In this issue of the European Respiratory Journal, WANG et al [7] report specific changes in microbiota during COPD exacerbations and its association with the host inflammatory response thanks to data from a larger cohort with longitudinal 16S ribosomal RNA follow up. 467 sputum samples from 87 subjects with COPD were obtained at steady state, during exacerbation, and 2 and 6 weeks after recovery.…”

Section: @Erspublicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most frequent phenotypes of COPD exacerbations, i.e. : "bacterial" and "eosinophilic" [15], have been revisited by WANG et al [7]. Considering the "bacterial phenotype", they reported an increase in Proteobacteria when in "eosinophilic phenotype" an increase in Firmicutes was noted.…”

Section: @Erspublicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%