Lung mechanics during induced bronchoconstriction

Pellegrino, Riccardo; Wilson, Owen; Jenouri, Gilbert; Rodarte, Joseph R.

doi:10.1152/jappl.1996.81.2.964

Cited by 94 publications

(112 citation statements)

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“…Nevertheless, these findings are all consistent with the greater velocity of contraction of asthmatic smooth muscle, as has been shown by MA et al [37] in isolated human asthmatic ASM cells and by MITCHELL et al [38] in passively sensitised human bronchial smooth muscle. In the studies by PELLEGRINO et al [19] and JACKSON et al [35], the relative magnitude of the reversal was less in asthmatic subjects. Thus the relative magnitude of the reversal, rather than the reversal itself, appears to differentiate the asthmatic response to induced obstruction.…”

Section: Evidence Of Asm Involvement In Asthmamentioning

confidence: 90%

“…It is known that lung volume is a key determinant of airway resistance (Raw) [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] and that changes in lung volume associated with tidal breathing and deep inspiration differentially modulate airway conductance (Gaw) in normal and asthmatic subjects [15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. Although it is speculated that the target of modulation by lung volume change is the smooth muscle embedded in the airways [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30], a direct relationship between lung volume change and alteration in ASM contractility is yet to be established.…”

Section: Evidence Of Asm Involvement In Asthmamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subsequent studies of induced bronchial obstruction have shown that timing of the measurements after a deep inspiration is important. PELLEGRINO et al [19] showed that with methacholineinduced obstruction in asthmatics, a deep inspiration caused consistent, but transient, bronchodilation when lung resistance was measured on a breath-by-breath basis. The rate of restitution of pre-deep inspiration Raw was much more rapid in asthmatics than in nonasthmatics.…”

Section: Evidence Of Asm Involvement In Asthmamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Airway smooth muscle dynamics: a common pathway of airway obstruction in asthma

An¹,

Bai²,

Bates³

et al. 2007

European Respiratory Journal

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342

298

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Excessive airway obstruction is the cause of symptoms and abnormal lung function in asthma.As airway smooth muscle (ASM) is the effecter controlling airway calibre, it is suspected that dysfunction of ASM contributes to the pathophysiology of asthma. However, the precise role of ASM in the series of events leading to asthmatic symptoms is not clear. It is not certain whether, in asthma, there is a change in the intrinsic properties of ASM, a change in the structure and mechanical properties of the noncontractile components of the airway wall, or a change in the interdependence of the airway wall with the surrounding lung parenchyma. All these potential changes could result from acute or chronic airway inflammation and associated tissue repair and remodelling.Anti-inflammatory therapy, however, does not ''cure'' asthma, and airway hyperresponsiveness can persist in asthmatics, even in the absence of airway inflammation. This is perhaps because the therapy does not directly address a fundamental abnormality of asthma, that of exaggerated airway narrowing due to excessive shortening of ASM.In the present study, a central role for airway smooth muscle in the pathogenesis of airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma is explored.

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Section: Evidence Of Asm Involvement In Asthmamentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Evidence Of Asm Involvement In Asthmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Evidence Of Asm Involvement In Asthmamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Airway smooth muscle dynamics: a common pathway of airway obstruction in asthma

An¹,

Bai²,

Bates³

et al. 2007

European Respiratory Journal

Self Cite

342

298

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In fact, recent observation shows that ATP levels are significantly elevated in the airways of asthmatic patients after allergen challenge and in mice in a model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma [91]. Aerosolized ATP triggers bronchoconstriction in healthy and asthmatic individuals [92]. ATP induces release of neuropeptides (neurokinin A, SP) from adjacent nerve terminals.…”

Section: Purinergic Signaling In Allergic Airway Inflammation: Focus mentioning

confidence: 99%

P2 receptor-mediated signaling in mast cell biology

Bulanova

Bulfone–Paus∥

2009

Purinergic Signalling

100

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Mast cells are widely recognized as effector cells of allergic inflammatory reactions. They contribute to the pathogenesis of different chronic inflammatory diseases, wound healing, fibrosis, thrombosis/fibrinolysis, and antitumor immune responses. In this paper, we summarized the role of P2X and P2Y receptors in mast cell activation and effector functions. Mast cells are an abundant source of ATP which is stored in their granules and secreted upon activation. We discuss the contribution of mast cells to the extracellular ATP release and to the maintenance of extracellular nucleotides pool. Recent publications highlight the importance of purinergic signaling for the pathogenesis of chronic airway inflammation. Therefore, the role of ATP and P2 receptors in allergic inflammation with focus on mast cells was analyzed. Finally, ATP functions as mast cell autocrine/paracrine factor and as messenger in intercellular communication between mast cells, nerves, and glia in the central nervous system.

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“…RL and Edyn were first measured on at least 10 or more spontaneous tidal breaths and then for at least 90 s after a deep inhalation (DI) to TLC. This first set of maneuvers was used to calculate baseline RL and Edyn and to assess their recovery after DI by linearly regressing all values recorded from the point at which spontaneous tidal breathing was resumed to the point at which a clear plateau was observed (24). Thus, for each experimental condition, there were 1) baseline values of RL and Edyn, referred as to pre-DI; 2) intercept values indicating the magnitude of the effects of DI; and 3) slope values indicating recovery times after DI.…”

Section: Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of rapid saline infusion on lung mechanics and airway responsiveness in humans

Pellegrino¹,

Dellacà²,

Macklem³

et al. 2003

Journal of Applied Physiology

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. Effects of rapid saline infusion on lung mechanics and airway responsiveness in humans. J Appl Physiol 95: 728-734, 2003. First published May 2, 2003 10.1152/japplphysiol.00310.2003.-Lung mechanics and airway responsiveness to methacholine (MCh) were studied in seven volunteers before and after a 20-min intravenous infusion of saline. Data were compared with those of a time point-matched control study. The following parameters were measured: 1-s forced expiratory volume, forced vital capacity, flows at 40% of control forced vital capacity on maximal (V m40) and partial (V p40) forced expiratory maneuvers, lung volumes, lung elastic recoil, lung resistance (RL), dynamic elastance (Edyn), and within-breath resistance of respiratory system (Rrs). RL and Edyn were measured during tidal breathing before and for 2 min after a deep inhalation and also at different lung volumes above and below functional residual capacity. Rrs was measured at functional residual capacity and at total lung capacity. Before MCh, saline infusion caused significant decrements of forced expiratory volume in 1 s, V m40, and V p40, but insignificantly affected lung volumes, elastic recoil, RL, Edyn, and Rrs at any lung volume. Furthermore, saline infusion was associated with an increased response to MCh, which was not associated with significant changes in the ratio of V m40 to V p40. In conclusion, mild airflow obstruction and enhanced airway responsiveness were observed after saline, but this was not apparently due to altered elastic properties of the lung or inability of the airways to dilate with deep inhalation. It is speculated that it was likely the result of airway wall edema encroaching on the bronchial lumen.

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Lung mechanics during induced bronchoconstriction

Cited by 94 publications

References 0 publications

Airway smooth muscle dynamics: a common pathway of airway obstruction in asthma

Airway smooth muscle dynamics: a common pathway of airway obstruction in asthma

P2 receptor-mediated signaling in mast cell biology

Effects of rapid saline infusion on lung mechanics and airway responsiveness in humans

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