Lung Function Reference Values in Chinese Children and Adolescents in Hong Kong

Abstract

As part of a comprehensive evaluation of lung function in Hong Kong Chinese children and adolescents, over a thousand healthy subjects aged 7-19 yr from seven schools were recruited for lung function testing that included spirometry and, in many cases, lung subdivision measurements. Lung function tests were performed using SensorMedics Automated Body Plethysmograph according to published standards. Of these, 551 subjects (219 males), aged 8-19 yr, had satisfactory lung subdivision indices recorded. Analysis for the values of lung subdivisions including total lung capacity (TLC), residual volume (RV), and functional residual capacity (FRC) demonstrated that standing height and sitting height were the best predictors of lung volumes. After allowing for standing height or sitting height in the regression models for lung volumes, age at examination was the second best parameter, although its inclusion into the equations contributed to less than 1% of explained variance for boys and 3% for girls. These are the first reported data in international literature on reference values for lung subdivisions in Chinese children and adolescents.

Enhancement of ICRP's Lung Deposition Model for Pathogenic Bioaerosols

“…Phalen et al (1985), based on a comprehensive study conducted by Mortensen et al (1983), chose to express lung parameters as a function of height. In the absence of any comprehensive review article addressing which of the three variables-height, weight, and age is most appropriate for defining different lung parameters, we choose to express lung parameters as a function of standing height since this approach continues to be used to this day (Rosenthal et al 1993;Ip et al 2000;Neve et al 2002;Farkas et al 2006;Strum 2012). Thus, staying consistent with this approach, we correlate all breathing parameters and lung volumes with subject height.…”

Valores de referencia para parámetros de espirometría en la población adulta residente en Bogotá, D. C., Colombia

“…Estos modelos fueron recomendados inicialmente por la American Thoracic Society para obtener valores de referencia (1982); sin embargo, varios estudios han demostrado que carecen de aplicabilidad en algunas poblaciones en las que se han evaluado metódicamente (7,22,25,(28)(29)(30)(31). Esta limitación para la correcta interpretación de la espirometría y la curva de flujo volumen en los colombianos, deja abierta la posibilidad de estar realizando una errónea clasificación del estado de un individuo como "sano" o "enfermo" en un número importante de sujetos.…”

Pulse transit time ratio as a potential marker for paediatric crural and brachial blood pressure index

“…It had been suggested that this posture was a reasonably good predictor of plethysmographic lung volumes. 11 Thereby, any variations in respiratory effort or breath-based BP changes can then be better reflected by the PTT parameter. 7 Moreover, BP and HR variances in either sitting or standing can be considered equivalent or close so that values attained in either posture can be handy for deriving values in situations in which the other cannot be readily adopted.…”

“…7 Moreover, BP and HR variances in either sitting or standing can be considered equivalent or close so that values attained in either posture can be handy for deriving values in situations in which the other cannot be readily adopted. 11 A minimum of 30 PTT estimates from each periphery and free from motion artefacts were obtained. Thereafter, the child's BP measurements were obtained.…”

“…In clinical and research studies, gender and ethnically appropriate reference values are essential for interpreting other anthropometric results like lung functions. 11 The ratio-based PTT measure as proposed herein can serve to fill in such deficiency in measurements. By this approach, PTTR is independent of inter-child difference in arterial distensibility that is often observed with respect to age, ethnic or gender owing to its derivation methodology.…”