Lung function in patients with left-to-right shunts.

Davies, Hywel; Gazetopoulos, N

doi:10.1136/hrt.29.3.317

Cited by 26 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The alteration in pulmonary haemodynamics due to various congenital cardiac malformations has been shown in previous studies on adults (Saxton et al, 1956;Davies, Williams, and Wood, 1962;Davies and Gazetopoulos, 1967), children (Wallgren, Geubelle, and Koch, 1960;Ohnishi, 1970), and experimental animals (Borst et al, 1957;Cook et al, 1959) to have an effect upon the mechanical behaviour of the lungs. The present study was undertaken to investigate this effect in neonates and infants with congenital heart disease in order to see whether measurements of lung mechanics could be used to assess the severity of the cardiac defect and to evaluate the effect of surgery.…”

mentioning

confidence: 73%

Lung Mechanics in Normal Infants and Infants with Congenital Heart Disease

Howlett¹

1972

Archives of Disease in Childhood

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Howlett, G. (1972). Archives of Disease in Childhood, 47, 707. Lung mechanics in normal infants and infants with congenital heart disease. The results of a study of pulmonary mechanics in 24 normal infants and 28 infants with congenital heart disease aged 1 to 32 weeks are presented. The two groups were matched for length and weight. The diagnosis of the infants with congenital heart disease varied from simple stenoses to complex septal defects and transpositions. 6 infants were studied before and after operation designed to improve their haemodynamic situation.Pulmonary compliance and mean pulmonary resistance were measured using a pneumotachygraph, integrator, and oesophageal balloon; thoracic gas volume was measured by the plethysmographic method. Results were found to be reproducible both in the individual and within the normal group.Thoracic gas volume in relation to weight and pulmonary resistance were normal in the infants with congenital heart disease, but the pulmonary compliance was often abnormal even when related to lung volume. The change in compliance was not simply related to pulmonary blood flow or pressure but was related to the radiological assessment of pulmonary plethora or oligaemia-the more plethoric the lower the compliance. Surgery altered both the radiological grading and the compliance appropriately. It is postulated that changes in the elastic properties of the lungs are related to changes in the pulmonary capillary blood volume.

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confidence: 73%

Lung Mechanics in Normal Infants and Infants with Congenital Heart Disease

Howlett¹

1972

Archives of Disease in Childhood

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“…The findings of these studies are however limited by the inclusion of PH due to left heart disease and chronic lung disease [24], a focus on lung compliance with incomplete reporting of measured lung function values [52] and the omission of many parameters now routinely measured including peak expiratory flow rate, FEV 1 , TLC, and mid-expiratory flows [24,52,53]. In other studies, normal lung function was reported in case series of less than 5 patients with no controls for comparison [54,55].…”

Section: Congenital Heart Disease Associated Pulmonary Arterial Hypermentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Early studies of lung function in CHD-APAH have perpetuated the inaccurate view that PAH has little effect on lung function in CHD [24,52,53]. The findings of these studies are however limited by the inclusion of PH due to left heart disease and chronic lung disease [24], a focus on lung compliance with incomplete reporting of measured lung function values [52] and the omission of many parameters now routinely measured including peak expiratory flow rate, FEV 1 , TLC, and mid-expiratory flows [24,52,53].…”

Section: Congenital Heart Disease Associated Pulmonary Arterial Hypermentioning

confidence: 99%

Lung function in pulmonary hypertension

Low

Medford

Millar

et al. 2015

Respiratory Medicine

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Breathlessness is a common symptom in pulmonary hypertension (PH) and an important cause of morbidity. Though this has been attributed to the well described pulmonary vascular abnormalities and subsequent cardiac remodelling, changes in the airways of these patients have also been reported and may contribute to symptoms. Our understanding of these airway abnormalities is poor with conflicting findings in many studies. The present review evaluates these studies for the major PH groups. In addition we describe the role of cardiopulmonary exercise testing in the assessment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) by evaluating cardiopulmonary interaction during exercise. As yet, the reasons for the abnormalities in lung function are unclear, but potential causes and the possible role of inflammation are discussed. Future research is required to provide a better understanding of this to help improve the management of these patients.

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“…The operation also may improve lung compliance, which had been reduced by the hypertensive, hyperkinetic pulmonary circulation. 36 Eight of the 14 late deaths were due to cerebrovascular accidents and involved patients in whom the postoperative symptomatic improvement had been maintained. Thromboembolism causing cerebrovascular accidents is a recognized complication after closure of atrial septal defect and is unrelated to the type of closure;37 that is, patch graft or direct suture.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%