Lung Cancer Stigma, Anxiety, Depression and Symptom Severity

Abstract

Objectives: Compared to other cancers, lung cancer patients report the highest levels of psychological distress and stigma. Few studies have examined the relationship between lung cancer stigma (LCS) and symptom burden. This study was designed to investigate the relationship between LCS, anxiety, depression and physical symptom severity. Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional, correlational design to recruit patients online from lung cancer websites. LCS, anxiety, depression and physical symptoms were measured by patient self-report using validated scales via the Internet. Hierarchical multiple regression was performed to investigate the individual contributions of LCS, anxiety and depression to symptom severity. Results: Patients had a mean age of 57 years; 93% were Caucasian, 79% were current or former smokers, and 74% were female. There were strong positive relationships between LCS and anxiety (r = 0.413, p < 0.001), depression (r = 0.559, p < 0.001) and total lung cancer symptom severity (r = 0.483, p < 0.001). Although its contribution was small, LCS provided a unique and significant explanation of the variance in symptom severity beyond that of age, anxiety and depression, by 1.3% (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Because LCS is associated with psychosocial and physical health outcomes, research is needed to develop interventions to assist patients to manage LCS and to enhance their ability to communicate effectively with clinicians.

Evaluating Depression, Anxiety, Sexuality and Quality of Life in Metastatic Lung Cancer Patients

“…They were affected in terms of anxiety and depression mostly because of the short life-expentancy (17). Cataldo et al also found high anxiety, depression and symptom severity in metastatic lung cancer patients (18). In another study conducted by Haun, not only lung cancer patients but also their partners are prone to high levels of depression and anxiety or severe distress related to the poor prognosis of the illness (19).…”

The lung cancer patient, the pneumologist and palliative care: a developing alliance

“…SHIMIZU et al [71] were able to conclude, from their data from 1334 consecutive lung cancer patients (depression rate 12.4%), multifactorial patient-related contributors to the severity of depression, among which personal traits as well as coping style seemed to be the most relevant. Conversely, the work of CATALDO and BRODSKY [72] described a perceived lung cancer stigma by patients as an individual negative predictor for depression, anxiety and symptom severity. These circumstances strongly suggest a proactive outreach to lung cancer patients, especially at the time of diagnosis and during treatment.…”

Versão brasileira da Escala de Cataldo: avaliação do estigma em pacientes com câncer de pulmão

“…Para a construção da revisão integrativa é indispensável percorrer as seis etapas seguintes: identificação da questão de pesquisa, estabelecimento de critérios para inclusão e exclusão de estudos, definição das informações a serem extraídas dos estudos selecionados, avaliação dos estudos incluídos na revisão integrativa, tabela síntese dos estudos, interpretação dos resultados e síntese do conhecimento (Mendes, Silveira, Galvão, 2008;Whittemore, Knafl, 2005 Os objetivos dos estudos permearam a intenção dos pesquisadores em conhecer as percepções, experiências, temas-chaves, atitudes e crenças (Chapple, Ziebland, McPherson, 2004;Scott et al, 2015;Hamann et al, 2013;Brown-Johnson, Cataldo, 2013;Lehto, 2014;Marlow, Waller, Wardle, 2015) dos pacientes com câncer de pulmão, as relações entre estigma e vergonha, culpa, depressão, ansiedade, angústia, bem-estar, sintomas físicos, qualidade de vida e crescimento pós traumático (LoConte et al, 2008;Else-Quest et al, 2009;Gonzalez, Jacobsen, 2012;Cataldo, Jahan, Pongquan, 2012;Lebel et al, 2013;Cataldo, Brodsky, 2013;Brown-Johnson, Brodsky, Cataldo, 2014,;Shen et al, 2014,), os fatores que influenciam no atraso do relato dos sintomas e busca por atendimento (Tod, Craven, Allmark, 2008;Carter-Harris, 2015), desenvolver um instrumento para medir o estigma percebido (Cataldo et al, 2011), reduzir a Cataldo Lung Cancer Stigma Scale (Carter-Harris, Hall, 2014, traduzir e validar essa escala para os chineses (Yang et al, 2014) e descrever uma intervenção cognitivo-comportamental (Chambers et al, 2015). Estudo transversal descritivo com 93 pacientes e entrevista semiestruturada.…”

“…Outro conceito que surge nos artigos (Cataldo et al, 2011;Cataldo, Jahan, Pongquan, 2012;Brown-Johnson, Cataldo, 2013;Cataldo, Brodsky, 2013;Shen et al, 2014) é o do estigma relacionado à saúde, que foi definido por Weiss e Ramakrishna (2006) como uma experiência pessoal caracterizada por exclusão, rejeição, culpa ou desvalorização decorrente da antecipação de um julgamento adverso.…”

“…A Cataldo Lung Cancer Stigma Scale (CLCSS) foi utilizada em nove estudos (Cataldo et al, 2011;Cataldo, Jahan, Pongquan, 2012;Cataldo, Brodsky, 2013;Brown-Johnson, Brodsky, Cataldo, 2014;Chambers et al, 2015;Carter-Harris, Hall, 2014;Yang et al, 2014;Carter-Harris, 2015 a 96 (quanto maior a pontuação, maior a estigmatização percebida) (Fife, Wright, 2000). O resultado observado no estudo que utilizou a SIS foi uma associação positiva entre o estigma e os sintomas depressivos (r=0,46, p<0,001).…”