Lung Cancer and Pulmonary Embolism: What Is the Relationship? A Review

Li, Yupeng; Shang, Yu; Wang, Wenwen; Ning, Shangwei; Chen, Hong

doi:10.7150/jca.26008

Cited by 32 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…In the study, there were 29 lung adenocarcinoma patients both in the case and control groups by coincidence, but some individuals had not performed gene detection owing to different reasons. Final statistical results showed that EML4/ALK rearrangements between the case and control groups had no statistical difference (8.7% vs 4%, P > 0.05), which was not consistent with some previously published literature 9,13 . The frequency of EGFR mutations in PE group was close to that in non‐PE group (43.5% vs 56%, P > 0.05) and it has been reported similarly in the past 13 (Table 4).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 48%

Analysis on risk factors of lung cancer complicated with pulmonary embolism

Cui

Tan

Liu

et al. 2020

Clinical Respiratory J

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Introduction Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a potentially fatal complication and its morbidity together with fatalness will further increase when in patients with malignant tumors. Fast and accurate early diagnosis of PE thus seems considerably important. Objective To explore the risk factors of lung cancer complicated with PE. Materials and Methods A retrospective cohort study consisted of 40 lung cancer patients with PE (PE group) and 60 lung cancer patients without PE (non‐PE group) were analyzed. Results The white blood cell (WBC) count, D‐dimer and low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) were higher in PE group than those in non‐PE group (P < 0.05), whereas the arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in PE group was lower than that in non‐PE group (P < 0.05). Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level between two groups also exhibited statistical difference (P < 0.05). Those lung adenocarcinoma patients with stages III and IV tumor, coupled with deep venous thrombosis (DVT), having experienced bevacizumab treatment or platinum‐based chemotherapy more likely suffered from PE (P < 0.05). The multivariate analysis revealed that high D‐dimer, chemotherapy, DVT, stages III to IV, adenocarcinoma were independent risk factors associated with PE (P < 0.05). The overall survival time of patients in case group was significantly shorter than that in the control group with a median survival duration being 10.5 months (95%CI, 8.95‐12.05) and 16.8 months (95%CI, 14.62‐18.98), respectively, (P < 0.01). Conclusions High D‐dimer, chemotherapy, DVT, stages III to IV and adenocarcinoma might have a positive correlation with PE, meanwhile, PE always predicted a poor prognosis in lung cancer patients.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 48%

Analysis on risk factors of lung cancer complicated with pulmonary embolism

Cui

Tan

Liu

et al. 2020

Clinical Respiratory J

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“…Pulmonary embolism represents a pooled incidence of 3.7% in lung cancer patients [ 19 ]. In COSTECAT study more than half of patients (55.3%) had PE.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost of Venous Thromboembolic Disease in Patients with Lung Cancer: COSTECAT Study

Rubio-Salvador

Escudero‐Vilaplana

Rodriguez

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Background: Patients with lung cancer (LC) are at significantly higher risk of developing venous thromboembolism (VTE), which may lead to increased use of health resources and the cost of the disease management. The main aim of the study was to determine the cost of the management of VTE events in patients with LC treated with Low Molecular Weight Heparins (LMWH) in Spain. Methods: Costecat was an observational, ambispective pharmacoeconomic study. Patients with LC, with a first episode of VTE (symptomatic or incidental) in treatment with LMWH, were recruited from six third-level hospitals and followed up for six months. Sociodemographic, clinical and resource use variables of VTE-related implications and its treatment were collected. Direct healthcare costs and direct non-healthcare costs were recorded. Data collection was documented in an electronic case report. Costs (€2018) were estimated from the healthcare perspective. Statistical analysis was performed using the statistical program R 3.4.3 version (30 November 2017). Results: Forty-seven patients were included. Mean age was 65.4 years, 66.0% were male. The percentage of patients with LC who had metastatic disease was 78.7%. Twenty-three patients (48.9%) needed hospital admissions due to thromboembolic episode. Total average cost of patients with cancer associated VTE (CAT) was €10,969.6 per patient/semester. The hospitalizations represent 65.8% of total costs (7207.3 € SD 13,996.9 €), followed by LMWH therapy which represents 18.6% (2033.8 € SD:630.5 €). Conclusions: Venous thromboembolism episodes induce an economic impact on patients and healthcare systems. Direct healthcare costs are the major burden of the total cost, in which hospitalizations are the main drivers of cost.

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“…First, the patient initially presented with PTE, and it is generally recognized that cancer has a high risk of PTE. Li et al reported that pulmonary embolism (PE) is a frequent finding, with an overall incidence of 3.7% (1,172 of 31,294), ranging from 0–23.7% in lung cancer patients ( 9 ). PE resulted from a combination of the following: vascular endothelial damage, stasis of blood flow, and hypercoagulability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case Report: Thromboembolism and Hemorrhagic Pericardial Effusion—The Janus Face of Primary Pericardial Angiosarcoma

Chen

Jiang

Dong

et al. 2021

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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Background: Primary cardiac angiosarcomas, especially those originating in the pericardium, are extremely rare and aggressive tumors with poor prognosis. These types of malignant tumors have diverse clinical presentations and are often masked by other comorbidities.Case Summary: Our hospital reported a 59-year-old woman who initially presented with pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) and was subsequently treated with low-molecular-weight heparin. However, she experienced acute pericardial tamponade after anticoagulation therapy, where no obvious mass was primarily identified upon imaging, both in the pericardium or within the heart. Emergency pericardiocentesis and drainage were performed, where a total of 210 mL of bloody effusion was drained. Four months later, she was hospitalized with progressive hemoptysis and dyspnea. A large mixed mass occupying the right pericardium was later identified by coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA). The mass was consistent with the right atrium, with heterogeneous thickened pericardium and localized moderate pericardial effusion. CCTA and positron emission tomography scans later showed metastases in both lungs and bilateral pleura. Nodules in hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes were also significant. Ultrasound-guided biopsy was performed, and the patient was ultimately diagnosed with an angiosarcoma based on final positive results for both CD31 and CD34 markers. The patient refused chemotherapy and passed away while waiting for her pathology results. The patient survived for 6 months since the first reported episode of PTE.Conclusions: Our case indicates that patients presenting with both embolism and hemorrhage should urgently be channeled to a clinical specialist to confirm any malignant etiology. This would be beneficial to confirm an early diagnosis and lengthen the duration of patient survival. However, the diagnosis of primary cardiac angiosarcoma is still challenging and requires multiple imaging modalities and biopsies in order to assist the accurate diagnosis of disease and achieve effective patient management.

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Lung Cancer and Pulmonary Embolism: What Is the Relationship? A Review

Cited by 32 publications

References 89 publications

Analysis on risk factors of lung cancer complicated with pulmonary embolism

Analysis on risk factors of lung cancer complicated with pulmonary embolism

Cost of Venous Thromboembolic Disease in Patients with Lung Cancer: COSTECAT Study

Case Report: Thromboembolism and Hemorrhagic Pericardial Effusion—The Janus Face of Primary Pericardial Angiosarcoma

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