Lung cancer—A global perspective

Abstract

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. While tobacco exposure is responsible for the majority of lung cancers, the incidence of lung cancer in never smokers, especially Asian women, is increasing. There is a global variation in lung cancer biology with EGFR mutations being more common in Asian patients, while Kras mutation is more common in Caucasians. This review will focus on the global variations in lung cancer and its treatment.

Epidemiology of lung cancer in China

“…In the United States, however, lung cancer incidence has decreased, particularly in recent years, partly as a result of effective tobacco control and a series of health education and promotion measures . Interestingly, although Africa has a high smoking prevalence, lung cancer incidence is relatively low in both genders, which may be related to low life expectancy . In terms of gender differences, lung cancer is more prevalent in men, both in worldwide and in most regions.…”

HDGF and PRKCA upregulation is associated with a poor prognosis in patients with lung adenocarcinoma

“…As the most common malignancy in the world, lung cancer arises from the bronchial mucosal epithelium and is the leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide (1). Histologically, lung cancer is generally divided into small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (2). NSCLC, including lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and lung adenocarcinoma (LADC), accounts for ~85% of all lung cancer cases and is the most commonly diagnosed type of lung cancer (2,3).…”

Cytotoxic action of methylquercetins in human lung adenocarcinoma cells

“…Lung cancer has remained a global leading cause of cancer mortality in both men and women (1)(2)(3). In 2013, this malignant disorder constituted approximately 1.8 million new cancer cases and accounted for 1.6 million cancer deaths worldwide (2).…”

“…Moreover, the number of lung cancer deaths is expected to grow up to 3 million for the year 2035 (3). Lung cancer is generally divided into two differently growing histological types, i.e., small-cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer that accounts for the most of lung cancer cases (around 85%) and includes adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and large cell carcinoma (1,3,4). Adenocarcinoma is the most common histological subtype that represents about 40% of all lung cancer cases (1,4).…”

“…Adenocarcinoma is the most common histological subtype that represents about 40% of all lung cancer cases (1,4). Although men are more likely to be affected by this malignancy than women, with 1 in 18 men and 1 in 51 women diagnosed with lung cancer at some point in their lives, its incidence in women is globally increasing (3). Potential male-female differences have been demonstrated also in other aspects of lung cancer, including better prognosis, higher treatment responses and survival in women as compared to men (5)(6)(7)(8).…”