Lunar Station: The Next Logical Step in Space Development

Pittman, Robert B.; Harper, Lynn D.; Newfield, Mark E.; Rasky, Daniel J.

doi:10.1089/space.2015.0031

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Expression (3) lends itself to the characterization of the life cycle cost for a fully physical-chemical life support system, probing into the nuances of initial cost dependencies and system structures. Expression (7) describes the life cycle cost for a hybrid life support system, offering a comprehensive view of operational costs while encapsulating the interactions between the physical-chemical and bioregenerative components. Lastly, Equation ( 9) is applied to a fully bioregenerative life support system, amalgamating the concepts addressed in the previous formulas to present a holistic understanding of the life cycle cost in such a system.…”

Section: 𝐶 (ω 𝑡)| =mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…-Some private companies, like SpaceX, are proposing the development of lunar space stations for use as a staging area for human missions to the Moon and beyond. SpaceX's Starship, designed to carry up to 100 people, is intended to eventually serve as a transport system for crewed missions to destinations such as the Moon and Mars [5][6][7]. -…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Life Cycle Cost Model for Life Support Systems of Crewed Autonomous Transport for Deep Space Habitation

Kabashkin

Glukhikh

2023

Applied Sciences

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Intelligent transport systems are used in various transport systems, among which a special place is occupied by crewed autonomous transport systems such as space stations for deep space habitation. These objects have a complex and critical requirement for life support systems (LSSs) to maintain safe and habitable conditions for the crew in the isolated environment. This paper explores the different architectural options for life support systems (LSSs) in autonomous transport systems, specifically focusing on space stations. Three alternative LSS architectures are discussed: Open LSS (OLSS), Closed LSS (CLSS), and Mixed LSS (MLSS). Each architecture has its own advantages and disadvantages. OLSS relies on external resource delivery, reducing initial costs but increasing dependence on resupply missions. CLSS operates autonomously, generating resources onboard, but has higher initial costs and technological complexity. MLSS combines external delivery and onboard generation, providing flexibility and adaptability. The material emphasizes the importance of cost-effectiveness analysis at the early stages of design and identifies the boundary values of mission duration that determine the most effective LSS architecture choice. The material highlights the significance of striking the right balance between cost and performance to develop intelligent ecosystems of LSS for space stations and other autonomous transport systems.

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Section: 𝐶 (ω 𝑡)| =mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life Cycle Cost Model for Life Support Systems of Crewed Autonomous Transport for Deep Space Habitation

Kabashkin

Glukhikh

2023

Applied Sciences

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“…In early 2020s, the Chinese modular space station, built on the experience gained from its precursors Tiangong-1 and Tiangong-2, will be placed and operating in the Low Earth orbit (Gibney, 2019). The sustainable human exploration of the Moon is programmed in the meanwhile (El-Jaby et al, 2019;Pittman et al, 2016), whereas the human missions to the surface of Mars are envisioned before 2040 (ISECG, 2018). Therefore, it is hypothesized that only prospective methodological applications at a high technology readiness level (i.e., at least validated in a flight-like environment; Straub, 2015) will be selected by following their basic principles and current uses in Earth and space-analogue settings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water and Microbial Monitoring Technologies towards the Near Future Space Exploration

Amalfitano¹,

Levantesi²,

Copetti³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Space exploration is demanding longer lasting human missions and water resupply from Earth will become increasingly unrealistic. In a near future, the spacecraft water monitoring systems will require technological advances to promptly identify and counteract contingent events of waterborne microbial contamination, posing health risks to astronauts with lowered immune responsiveness. The search for bio-analytical approaches, alternative to those applied on Earth by cultivation-dependent methods, is pushed by the compelling need to limit waste disposal and avoid microbial regrowth from analytical carryovers. Prospective technologies will be selected only if first validated in a flight-like environment, by following basic principles, advantages, and limitations beyond their current applications on Earth. Starting from the water monitoring activities applied on the International Space Station, we provide a critical overview of the nucleic acid amplification-based approaches (i.e., loop-mediated isothermal amplification, quantitative PCR, and high-throughput sequencing) and early-warning methods for total microbial load assessments (i.e., ATP-metry, flow cytometry), already used at a high readiness level aboard crewed space vehicles. Our findings suggest that the forthcoming space applications of mature technologies will be necessarily bounded by a compromise between analytical performances (e.g., speed to results, identification depth, reproducibility, multiparametricity) and detrimental technical requirements (e.g., reagent usage, waste production, operator skills, crew time). As space exploration progresses toward extended missions to Moon and Mars, miniaturized systems that also minimize crew involvement in their end-to-end operation are likely applicable on the long-term and suitable for the in-flight water and microbiological research.

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The Moon Base as a Commercial Hub

Utrilla

2018

Planetary Defense

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Lunar Station: The Next Logical Step in Space Development

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Life Cycle Cost Model for Life Support Systems of Crewed Autonomous Transport for Deep Space Habitation

Life Cycle Cost Model for Life Support Systems of Crewed Autonomous Transport for Deep Space Habitation

Water and Microbial Monitoring Technologies towards the Near Future Space Exploration

The Moon Base as a Commercial Hub

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