Luna-25: The First Polar Mission to the Moon

Митрофанов, И. Г.; Zelenyǐ, L. M.; Tretyakov, V. I.; Kalashnikov, D. V.

doi:10.1134/s0038094621060095

Cited by 16 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In recent years, there has been a resurgence of interest in the exploration and colonization of the Moon and asteroids. With the increasing interest in lunar missions (Bhardwaj, 2021; Jia et al., 2018; Mitrofanov et al., 2021; NASA, 2020), it is important to understand the properties of the materials available on the lunar surface for in situ resource utilization (ISRU) and manufacturing (Anand et al., 2012; Crawford, 2015; Duffard et al., 2021; Naser, 2019). The extension of space exploration endeavors to include near‐Earth objects necessitates an enhanced understanding of both asteroid mining techniques and science (Andrews et al., 2015; Anthony & Emami, 2018; Ross, 2001; Zacny et al., 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical properties of minerals in lunar and HED meteorites from nanoindentation testing: Implications for space mining

Peña‐Asensio,

Trigo‐Rodríguez,

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et al. 2024

Meteorit & Planetary Scien

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This study analyzes the mechanical and elemental properties of lunar meteorites DHOFAR 1084, JAH 838, NWA 11444, and HED meteorite NWA 6013. Utilizing microscale rock mechanics experiments, that is, nanoindentation testing, this research reveals significant heterogeneity in both mechanical and elemental attributes across the mineral samples. Olivines, pyroxene, feldspar, and spinel demonstrate similar compositional and mechanical characteristics. Conversely, other silicate and oxide minerals display variations in their mechanical properties. Terrestrial olivines subjected to nanoindentation tests exhibit increased hardness and a higher Young's modulus than their lunar counterparts. A linear correlation is observed between the H/Er ratio and both plastic and elastic energies. Additionally, the alignment of mineral phases along a constant H/Er ratio suggests variations in local porosity. This study also highlights the need for further research focusing on porosity, phase insertions within the matrix, and structural orientations to refine our understanding of these mechanical characteristics. The findings have direct implications for in situ resource utilization strategies and future state‐of‐the‐art impact models. This comprehensive characterization serves as a foundational resource for future research efforts in space science and mining.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical properties of minerals in lunar and HED meteorites from nanoindentation testing: Implications for space mining

Peña‐Asensio,

Trigo‐Rodríguez,

Sort

et al. 2024

Meteorit & Planetary Scien

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“…With the renewed interest in lunar missions from several major global powers [34][35][36][37], now is the ideal time for the gravitational wave community to begin considering what use the Moon can be in aiding our understanding of the cosmos.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LION: laser interferometer on the moon

Amaro‐Seoane

Bischof

Carter

et al. 2021

Class. Quantum Grav.

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Gravitational wave astronomy has now left its infancy and has become an important tool for probing the most violent phenomena in our Universe. The LIGO/Virgo-KAGRA collaboration operates ground based detectors which cover the frequency band from 10 Hz to the kHz regime. Meanwhile, the pulsar timing array and the soon to launch LISA mission will cover frequencies below 0.1 Hz, leaving a gap in detectable gravitational wave frequencies. Here we show how a laser interferometer on the moon (LION) gravitational wave detector would be sensitive to frequencies from sub Hz to kHz. We find that the sensitivity curve is such that LION can measure compact binaries with masses between 10 and 100M ⊙ at cosmological distances, with redshifts as high as z = 100 and beyond, depending on the spin and the mass ratio of the binaries. LION can detect binaries of compact objects with higher-masses, with very large signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs), help us to understand how supermassive black holes got their colossal masses on the cosmological landscape, and it can observe in detail intermediate-mass ratio inspirals at distances as large as at least 100 Gpc. Compact binaries that never reach the LIGO/Virgo sensitivity band can spend significant amounts of time in the LION band, while sources present in the LISA band can be picked up by the detector and observed until their final merger. Since LION covers the deci-Hertz regime with such large SNRs, it truly achieves the dream of multi messenger astronomy.

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“…However, because of the influence of the lunar soil characteristics, such as mineral composition, bedrock distribution, and topographic characteristics, the remote sensing data cannot provide the direct evidence that there is water ice on the Moon [5], [6], and the in-situ detection becomes the most effective and direct technical approach for lunar water ice exploration. United States, Russia, European, and other research organizations have proposed their own in-situ water ice exploration plans in lunar polar regions [7], [8], [9]. China has successfully obtained the lunar soil in the middle latitudes of the Moon, and China will also carry out its own exploration…”

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confidence: 99%

Design and Verification of a Novel Sampling System for Lunar Water Ice Exploration

Zhang

et al. 2023

IEEE Access

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Aiming at the problem that it is difficult to collect the subsurface lunar water ice samples quickly due to the cementation-hardening of ice and soil at extremely low temperature in the permanent shadow regions, a novel lunar water ice sampling system is proposed, which uses kinetic energy penetration to efficiently expose the subsurface lunar water ice and uses manipulator to accurately collect and transfer the lunar soil samples. Based on the analysis of the working strategy of the sampling system, an engineering prototype of penetrating modular was designed and developed, and its penetration efficiency was tested based on the principle that the mechanical characteristics are equivalent. The test results show that the penetrating modular can penetrate into the target whose uniaxial compressive strength(UCS) is about 30Mpa (equivalent to the UCS of the simulated lunar water ice) with low power consumption and high efficiency, the penetration depth can reach 234mm, and the penetration time is less than 1s.INDEX TERMS Lunar exploration, water ice, sampling system, permanent shadow region. I. INTRODUCTIONNI received the Ph.D. degree from the

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Luna-25: The First Polar Mission to the Moon

Cited by 16 publications

References 19 publications

Mechanical properties of minerals in lunar and HED meteorites from nanoindentation testing: Implications for space mining

Mechanical properties of minerals in lunar and HED meteorites from nanoindentation testing: Implications for space mining

LION: laser interferometer on the moon

Design and Verification of a Novel Sampling System for Lunar Water Ice Exploration

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