“…Moreover, the detection of mercury, particularly at low levels in aqueous environments, remains a persistent challenge due to limitations inherent in conventional techniques. Conversely, simple, cost-effective, and time-efficient methods are also being utilized for metal detection, such as colorimetric and fluorescence detection via engaging scaffolds such as rhodamine-B, 22–26 1,8-naphthalimide, 27–29 coumarin, 30–32 pyrene, 33–35 calixarene, 36,37 and hydroxyquinolines 38–40 etc. Nevertheless, certain sensors exhibit limitations due to challenges in synthesis, expensive starting materials, or insufficient selectivity, and typically operate within organic solvents, thereby restricting their applicability in real environmental conditions.…”