The results of synthesis, crystal structure characterization and luminescence properties study of the Pr 3+-doped bismuth orthophosphate, BiPO4, polycrystals are reported. It was found that doping of bismuth orthophosphate with praseodymium of concentration more than 1% leads to phase transition of BiPO4 from so-called "hightemperature monoclinic" to "low-temperature monoclinic" structure. At room temperature studied samples revealed intensive red luminescence caused by radiation electronic transitions in the Pr 3+ ions under their intrinsic f → f excitation at 3 H4 → 3 P1 + 1 I6 absorption transition. Influence of phase transformation as well as multi-phonon and cross-relaxation processes on the luminescence of the Pr 3+-doped BiPO4 compounds were discussed.