“…in C horizon · soil N conc. have similar pattern · annual precipitation of 980 mm yr −1 , surface runoff 460 mm, estimated evapotranspiration 520 mm yr −1 · mean air temperature 5.3°C, snow cover ?120 d yr −1 Fuchsenbigl Agricultural Field Station CZO, Austria (Fiebig et al, 2009;Lair et al, 2009;Tatzber et al, 2009;Zehetner et al, 2009) · Incised basin fi ll and alpine meltwater terraces · Up to 20 m of gravel covered in places by several meters of fi ne sediments, mainly silt and fi ne sands · Soils classify mainly as Fluvisols (Sites I, II, III, IV), fertile and well-developed Chernozems further from the Danube (Sites V, VI) · Soil ages ranged from about 20 yr (Site I) to 2500 yr (Site IV) ) · Increasing soil ages expected for Sites V and VI · soil minerals: calcite, dolomite, quartz, plagioclase, K feldspar, and mica · clay mineralogy: illite and chlorite (Lair et al, 2007) · soil carbonate contents and particle size distributions similar for Sites I-IV (Lair et al, 2007). · soil pH varies in a narrow range above neutral · Organic C contents in the topsoil strongly infl uenced by soil age and land use · Mean annual temperature 9-10°C · Annual precipitation 500-580 mm, annual evapotranspiration 570 mm · 30-40 d snow cover yr −1 Koiliaris Experimental Watershed CZO, Greece (Crete) (Moraetis et al, 2010; Kourgialas et al, 2010;Stamati et al, 2006Stamati et al, , 2009 · 71.8% of watershed on limestones, dolomites, marbles, and recrystallized limestones with cherts (Plattenkalk, Tripolis, Trypali series), 9.5% calcaric marls and 6.1% marls in Neogene formations, 6.1% schists and 6.4% quaternary alluvial deposits · Th in, poorly developed soils follow regional lithology · Soils in limestones correspond to alpine humic Ranker type and Podzols mixed with forest acid red soil with calcaric Lithosols at higher altitudes · Soils in Neogene and alluvial formations are thicker profi les of calcareous rendzine soil · Calcaric regosols are developed in Neocene and alluvial formations at low altitude · Th in horizons of Eutric Lithosols with mainly coarse texture are developed in schists · soil mineralogy of ?30% clay mineral abundance · soil pH range 7.6-7.9 typifi es karstic system · karstic groundwater with 6.3-7.8 mg L −1 dissolved O 2 and 300-mV Eh · 2-4-m well in neogene deposits with pH 7.2, 4.9 mg L −1 dissolved O 2 , 15 mg L −1 NO 3 -N · mean annual temperature of 18.6°C (lower elevation and typical snow cover period of 150 d) · avg.…”