Lumbung Pangan Masyarakat: Keberadaan dan Perannya dalam Penanggulangan Kerawanan Pangan

Abstract

<p><strong>English</strong><br />Food barns are the food reserve institution commonly developed in rural areas and play roles in addressing community food insecurity. Food barns exist along with the rice culture and become a part of public food reserve system. The existence of food barns tend to decline due to some, namely: (a) the movement of green revolution which introduces improved rice varieties and agricultural modernization incompatible with the traditional food barn development; (b) the existence of Bulog that plays it role in stabilizing supply of food and rice price which is a disincentive to storing grain; (c) globalization leading to invention of various processed foods distributed to rural areas has changed people’s consumption pattern, and (d) inconsistent and project-oriented technical assistance. Food barns are generally established in the areas accustomed to food insecurity due to lack of access. Food barns may play role to cope with common food insecurity however not capable of dealing with unpredictable food insecurity, e.g. due to disaster. To deal with transient food insecurity it is necessary that the government establishes mobile food reserves such as conducted by Bulog. Food reserves institution is necessary in the autonomy regions along with decreased role of Bulog. Local government’s food reserve institution may be Local Government Enterprises (BUMD), private institution, or collaboration between those of local governments and Bulog. Food insecurity management is also poverty alleviation exertion. Therefore, addressing food security is not only related to food production and provision but it is also infrastructure improvement and human resource development.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Lumbung pangan merupakan lembaga cadangan pangan di daerah perdesaan, berperan dalam mengatasi kerawanan pangan masyarakat. Lumbung pangan telah ada sejalan dengan budaya padi dan menjadi bagian dari sistem cadangan pangan masyarakat. Keberadaan lumbung pangan cenderung menurun karena beberapa sebab, yaitu: (a) penerapan revolusi hijau yang mengintroduksikan teknologi padi unggul, dan modernisasi pertanian dinilai tidak sesuai dengan lumbung tradisional masyarakat, (b) keberadaan Bulog yang berperan dalam stabilisasi pasokan dan harga pangan (gabah) di setiap wilayah pada setiap waktu menyebabkan tidak ada insentif untuk menyimpan gabah, (c) globalisasi yang menyebabkan terbangunnya beragam pangan, termasuk pangan olahan sampai ke perdesaan, telah merubah pola konsumsi, dan (d) kegiatan pembinaan yang tidak konsisten dan cenderung orientasi proyek menyebabkan pembinaan yang dilakukan tidak efektif. Keberadaan lumbung pangan saat ini umumnya berada di daerah yang secara tradional telah mengembangkan lumbung pangan di daerah rawan pangan dengan kendala aksesibilitas. Lumbung pangan berperan mengatasi kerawanan pangan masyarakat di daerah rawan pangan kronis, namun belum mampu untuk mengatasi kerawanan pangan transien akibat kondisi tak terduga seperti bencana. Untuk mengatasi kerawanan pangan transien dibutuhkan penyediaan cadangan pangan oleh pemerintah yang memungkinkan mobilitas cadangan pangan antar wilayah sebagaimana dilakukan oleh Bulog. Dengan menurunnya peran Bulog diperlukan pemikiran untuk mengembangkan kelembagaan cadangan pangan pada era otonomi daerah. Pengembangan kelembagaan cadangan pemerintah daerah tersebut dapat berupa BUMD, Lembaga Swasta atau kerjasama Pemda dengan Bulog dalam pengadaan cadangan pangan daerah. Penanganan kerawanan pangan juga sangat berkaitan erat dengan pengentasan kemiskinan. Untuk itu penanggulangan kerawanan pangan tidak hanya berkaitan dengan aspek produksi dan penyediaan bahan pangan. Perbaikan kondisi kerawanan pangan dapat dilakukan dengan perbaikan infrastruktur dan pengembangan sumber daya manusia.</p>

Household Food Security Analysis Case Study on Sustainable Food House Area Program (KRPL) in Bandungrejosari Village, Sukun District, Malang

“…The Sustainable Food House Area Program is a government program that has been running since 2012, this program is one of the programs to build household food security in an area. (Rachmat et al 2016) stated in his research that there are several challenges in realizing independent and sovereign food security, these challenges are in increasing production, management of food development.…”

Revitalization of Food Barns to Support Community and National Food Security

“…The desire of members to continue to improve the program continues until a cooperative is formed to support the village food barn program. Rachmat et al (2016) agreed that food barns become institutions that respond to the Indonesian people's food insecurity. However, this food storage area does not merely focus on food production and yields because if it is limited to that, no progress will be made in dealing with food insecurity.…”

“…After implementing the green revolution policy and the existence of the National Logistic Agency (Badan Urusan Logistik/Bulog) as an institution that has a role in maintaining food stability, the people's food barns have lost their existence (Rachmat et al, 2016). The impact of the reduced existence of food barns causes food instability in Indonesia.…”

Nilai Simbolik Situs Lambang Kuning Desa Nglambangan Kecamatan Wungu Kabupaten Madiun Sebagai Materi Pembelajaran IPS SMP/Mts

“…c. Lumbung Selayur merupakan sebagai tempat menyimpan hasil pertanian (umumnya padi), berbentuk rumah panggung dan berdinding anyaman bambu. Lumbung mengandung makna yang berarti penyimpanan padi atau bahan makanan lain untuk menghadapi masa paceklik (Rachmat et al, 2011). d. Sendang Jambangan merupakan tempat untuk mandi, mencuci, airnya jernih dan mengalir terus (Londong et al, 2013).…”