Lumbar Intervertebral Disk Degeneration in Athletes

Hangai, Mika; Kaneoka, Koji; Hinotsu, Shiro; Shimizu, Ken; Okubo, Yu; Miyakawa, Shumpei; Mukai, Nobuhiko; Sakane, Masataka; Ochiai, Naoyuki

doi:10.1177/0363546508323252

Cited by 152 publications

(183 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The prevalence of disc degeneration among collegiate rowers was higher than that among coeval nonathletes 5,12) . In collegiate non-athletes (male and female), 31.4% of them had lumbar disc degeneration at 1 or more disc levels 5) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…In previous studies, the relationship between competitive sports activities and disc degeneration has been reported. Disc degeneration was significantly more common in collegiate baseball players and swimmers than in the control group 5) . Moreover, Sward et al 9) reported that the prevalence of disc degeneration in elite gymnasts was significantly higher than that in non-athletes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…In collegiate non-athletes (male and female), 31.4% of them had lumbar disc degeneration at 1 or more disc levels 5) . The prevalence of lumbar disc degeneration among women in their twenties was approximately 30% 12) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A previous study reported that LBP during the preceding 12 months is associated with signs of disc degeneration 6) . In addition, it has been reported that severe LBP may be a predictor of disc degeneration 5) . However, the relationship between disc degeneration progression and LBP has not been reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have reported associations between disc degeneration and LBP. Hangai et al 5) reported that severe LBP may be a predictor of disc degeneration. Additionally, Luoma et al 6) found that LBP is associated with signs of disc degeneration in late middle-aged men.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration in collegiate rowers

Sekine

Hirayama

Yanagisawa

et al. 2014

JPFSM

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The aim of this study was to clarify the prevalence and distribution of disc degeneration in collegiate rowers and investigate the relationship between disc degeneration progression and low back pain (LBP). In this cross-sectional study, 68 collegiate rowers were evaluated for lumbar disc degeneration using the Pfirrmann classification based on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). After 2 years, 20 participants underwent follow-up MRI. Injury surveillance to check LBP was conducted between the first examination and followup study. The relationship between symptoms and disc degeneration was investigated. Thirtyone (45.6%) rowers had disc degeneration: 48.8% of male rowers and 40.0% of female rowers. After 2 years, disc degeneration progression was observed in 5 (25%) rowers. During the 2 years, 6 rowers reported LBP. In the LBP group, disc degeneration progression was observed in 4 (66.7%) rowers. Significantly more participants in the LBP group than in the non-LBP group (7.1%) (p = 0.014) showed disc degeneration progression. The prevalence of disc degeneration among collegiate rowers was 45.6%, high at the level of the lower lumbar spine. Progression of lumbar disc degeneration was observed in significantly more LBP than non-LBP rowers during the longitudinal study.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration in collegiate rowers

Sekine

Hirayama

Yanagisawa

et al. 2014

JPFSM

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In vivo correlates between daily physical activity and intervertebral disc health

Bowden

Wang

et al. 2018

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Physical activity impacts health and disease in multiple body tissues including the intervertebral discs. Fluid flow within the disc is an indicator of disc health that can be observed using diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging. We monitored activity levels of 26 participants, age 35-55 yrs, using Actigraph accelerometers for 4 days to evaluate vigorous-intensity activity, moderate to vigorous intensity activity, and sedentary time. Participants underwent structural and diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging to evaluate intervertebral disc health and fluid flow. They also underwent bone density scans, carotid artery ultrasounds, a treadmill test, and a physical exam for pain, range of motion, and instability. These measures were used to correlate MRI indicators of intervertebral disc health with participant activity levels. Participants with any vigorous-intensity physical activity compared with no vigorous-intensity activity had significantly greater L5/S1 apparent diffusion coefficient values (p = 0.002), corresponding to higher freedom of diffusive movement for cellular nutrients and metabolic waste. Sagittal T2 values in the L5/S1 were also higher (p = 0.004), corresponding to a higher water content in the discs. Higher apparent diffusion coefficients were also found in participants with more than 30 min compared with less than 30 min of daily moderate to vigorous physical activity (p = 0.03), and in participants with less than 67% awake time as sedentary time compared with more than 67% sedentary time (p = 0.03). Increased dynamic loading through physical activity and decreased static loading from sedentary time benefit intervertebral disc health. Physical activity, particularly vigorous activity, is beneficial in helping maintain intervertebral disc health. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:1313-1323, 2018.

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Mechanical loading influences the lumbar intervertebral disc. A cross‐sectional study in 308 athletes and 71 controls

Owen

Hangai

Kaneoka

et al. 2020

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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There is evidence in animal populations that loading and exercise can positively impact the intervertebral disc (IVD). However, there is a paucity of information in humans. We examined the lumbar IVDs in 308 young athletes across six sporting groups (baseball, swimming, basketball, kendo, soccer, and running; mean age 19 years) and 71 nonathletic controls. IVD status was quantified via the ratio of IVD to vertebral body height (IVD hypertrophy) and ratio of signal intensity in the nucleus to that in the annulus signal (IVD nucleus hydration) on sagittal T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. P values were adjusted via the false discovery rate method to mitigate false positives. In examining the whole collective, compared to referents, there was evidence of IVD hypertrophy in basketball (P ≤ .029), swimming (P ≤ .010), soccer (P = .036), and baseball (P = .011) with greater IVD nucleus hydration in soccer (P = .007). After matching participants based on back-pain status and body height, basketball players showed evidence of IVD hypertrophy (P ≤ .043) and soccer players greater IVD nucleus hydration (P = .001) than referents. Greater career duration and training volume correlated with less (ie, worse) IVD nucleus hydration, but explained less than 1% of the variance in this parameter. In this young collective, increasing age was associated with increased IVD height. The findings suggest that basketball and soccer may be associated with beneficial adaptations in the IVDs in young athletes. In line with evidence on other tissues, such as muscle and bone, the current study adds to evidence that specific loading types may beneficially modulate lumbar IVD properties.

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Lumbar Intervertebral Disk Degeneration in Athletes

Cited by 152 publications

References 25 publications

Lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration in collegiate rowers

Lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration in collegiate rowers

In vivo correlates between daily physical activity and intervertebral disc health

Mechanical loading influences the lumbar intervertebral disc. A cross‐sectional study in 308 athletes and 71 controls

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