Lubricity and Wear of Shale: Effects of Drilling Fluids and Mechanical Parameters

Dzialowski, Andrew; Hale, A.H.; Mahajan, Satish M.

doi:10.2118/25730-ms

Cited by 26 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…value for polybutene of 0.25 is at the higher end of the C.F. averages noted earlier for oilbased muds (between 0.15 to 0.25 11,12 ), and therefore far exceeded our expectations. Table 2 show that base olefin performs better than high molecular weight olefin and that adding esters also improves performance.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 73%

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Starch-Lubricant Compositions For Improved Lubricity and Fluid Loss in Water-Based Drilling Muds

Sifferman¹,

Muijs²,

Fanta³

et al. 2003

Proceedings of International Symposium on Oilfield Chemistry

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TX 75083-3836, U.S.A., fax 01-972-952-9435. AbstractDevelopment of water-based mud systems that approach the performance of oil-based muds is an ongoing effort.Starch-lubricant compositions were developed as environmentally safe, non-toxic, stable dispersions in water-based drilling muds.Starchlubricant compositions were prepared by jet cooking mixtures of water, starch, and lubricant to produce aqueous starch dispersions containing suspended lubricant droplets 1-10 microns in diameter. These droplets do not separate or coalesce. The dispersions were drum dried and milled to dry, non-oily powders containing 28% lubricant by weight.These dry powders were then tested at 5 lb/barrel in laboratory-prepared lignosulfonate drilling muds. Various commercial olefins, esters and/or polybutenes were evaluated as lubricants. Standard laboratory tests indicated that starch-lubricant compositions lowered both API and HTHP fluid loss values. More importantly, coefficient of friction values were 12-25% of the untreated base mud and were similar to the average values for oil-based muds. Muds formulated with starchlubricant compositions usually contained only 0.5% lubricant (v/v), yet performed better than a typical field mud control containing 3% lubricant (v/v).These exceptionally good results with one-sixth the amount of a typical lubricant suggest that the size and distribution of lubricant droplets achieved in these systems may enhance lubricant efficiency. Therefore, further investigation of such formulations is warranted, including a field test to evaluate the advantages of this newly-patented technology.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 73%

“…The goal of these studies was to lower the waterbased mud coefficient of friction values to values approximating those observed with oil-based muds, which range from 0.1 to 0.40 and average between 0.15 to 0.25 11,12 . The field mud sample with 3% lubricant (v/v) had an average C.F.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Starch-Lubricant Compositions For Improved Lubricity and Fluid Loss in Water-Based Drilling Muds

Sifferman¹,

Muijs²,

Fanta³

et al. 2003

Proceedings of International Symposium on Oilfield Chemistry

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“…This was already reported as an increase of the friction coefficient on shales due to the KCL presence 6 . The pull out force obtained with the fluid B (with KCl) is much higher than pull out force obtained with fluids C & D (without KCl).…”

Section: Numerical Differential Pressure Sticking Modelmentioning

confidence: 61%

Down-Hole Simulation Cell for Measurement of Lubricity and Differential Pressure Sticking

Ottesen¹,

Benaissa²,

Marti³

1999

Proceedings of SPE/IADC Drilling Conference

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TX 75083-3836, U.S.A., fax 01-972-952-9435. AbstractThe impact of lubricity and differential sticking on well cost is becoming more important, due to activity increase in deviated and extended reach wells through depleted reservoirs. Drilling fluid characteristics play a major role in this area. A better understanding of the mechanism of differential sticking and proper evaluation of the lubricating characteristics of different drilling fluid systems, under simulated down-hole conditions, is becoming more important. A specially designed fully automated device permits accurate and reproducible measurements of coefficient of friction between metal and mud filter cake. It also monitors the variation of the filter cake pore pressure and permeability, corresponding forces and sticking time. Testing principle is based on cylindrical captor equipped with sensors (rotational for lubricity and non-rotational with axial motion for differential sticking test). Displacement into the cylindrical filter cake is made automatically through lateral motion of a measurement cell that can be rotated 360 degrees. The main advantage of this apparatus is the fact that the pressure and force sensors are located inside the cell, allowing for direct measurements. Evaluation of both water and oil based fluids differential sticking potential can be achieved, and data generated can be a useful tool to take corrective measures in selecting a suitable stable drilling fluid/additives, that will help prevent differential sticking and reduce torque and drag. A series of differential pressure sticking tests have been conducted. Data generated were used to understand the phenomenon, to characterize the risk of differential pressure sticking associated with drilling fluids, and, also, will be used to further validate numerical models. This paper describes specifications and measurement principle of this special equipment, as well as first results on differential pressure sticking tests.

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“…Globally, 90% of drilled formations are shales, exhibiting ~70% of operational problems. [ 2–4 ] Wellbore instability causes a waste in both time and money; besides, it raises the problems of pipe sticking, sloughing, wellbore collapse, and hole enlargement. [ 5 ] Shales have very low permeability with nano‐sized pores and are known as a hydrocarbon source and/or cap rocks; however, they are very sensitive to water as a result of their mineralogy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Al₂O₃ and CuO nanoparticles as promising additives to improve the properties of KCl‐polymer mud: An experimental investigation

et al. 2021

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Drilling fluid technology is one of the most targeted and developed technologies worldwide due to the increasing demand for deeper drilling and more complicated wells. Several studies have shown numerous improvements in the mud characteristics when using nanoparticles (NPs) as additives. This study aims at examining the influence of using aluminium oxide (Al2O3) and copper oxide (CuO) NPs on the characteristics of KCl‐polymer mud, which is mainly used while drilling shaly formations. Two sizes of Al2O3‐NPs (15 and 40 nm) in addition to CuO‐NPs (40 nm) were investigated at different concentrations (0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, and 1.0 wt.%) using a standard viscometer and API filter press. Zeta potential (ζ‐potential), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX) were used to elaborate the effect of NPs on the properties of NPs‐based KCl‐polymer mud. The results showed higher potential of Al2O3‐NPs and CuO‐NPs to enhance the mud properties when used at small concentrations of 0.3–0.5 wt.%. Furthermore, NPs were found to play a key role in building efficient filter cakes with time during filtration (up to 90 min). Moreover, smoother surface morphologies and less porous structures of filter cakes were observed when using NPs with some agglomeration of CuO‐NPs due to higher density. The Herschel‐Bulkley model was found to provide a better fitting of the rheological data of NPs‐based KCl‐polymer mud than the Bingham plastic model. This approach would be able to virtually overcome any shale issue encountered by proactively plugging nanopores while inhibiting the water absorption in shale formations.

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Lubricity and Wear of Shale: Effects of Drilling Fluids and Mechanical Parameters

Cited by 26 publications

References 12 publications

Starch-Lubricant Compositions For Improved Lubricity and Fluid Loss in Water-Based Drilling Muds

Starch-Lubricant Compositions For Improved Lubricity and Fluid Loss in Water-Based Drilling Muds

Down-Hole Simulation Cell for Measurement of Lubricity and Differential Pressure Sticking

Al₂O₃ and CuO nanoparticles as promising additives to improve the properties of KCl‐polymer mud: An experimental investigation

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Lubricity and Wear of Shale: Effects of Drilling Fluids and Mechanical Parameters

Cited by 26 publications

References 12 publications

Starch-Lubricant Compositions For Improved Lubricity and Fluid Loss in Water-Based Drilling Muds

Starch-Lubricant Compositions For Improved Lubricity and Fluid Loss in Water-Based Drilling Muds

Down-Hole Simulation Cell for Measurement of Lubricity and Differential Pressure Sticking

Al2O3 and CuO nanoparticles as promising additives to improve the properties of KCl‐polymer mud: An experimental investigation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Al₂O₃ and CuO nanoparticles as promising additives to improve the properties of KCl‐polymer mud: An experimental investigation