Lubrication Properties of Bio-Oil and Its Emulsions with Diesel Oil

As a result of rice grain processing, a big amount of waste (up to 20%) is produced. It is mainly rice hulls. The main components of rice hulls are cellulose, lignin and mineral ash. The mineral ash quantity in rice hulls varies from 15 up to 20%, by weight of the rice hulls. The mineral ash consists of amorphous silica (opal-type). Due to the high content of silica in rice hulls, the material burns with difficulty under natural conditions, and it is biodegradably destroyed only with difficulty, when composted. Utilization of rice hulls then becomes an ecological problem due to huge rice production and its continuous growth. At the same time, the annual quantity of silica content in rice hulls is comparable with the quantity of amorphous silica produced as a mineral resource. The issue of manufacturing cellular glass silica construction materials from rice hulls as a renewable resource is discussed in this paper. The utilization technology is based on an amorphous silicon oxide with the use of energy from the combustion of the organic component of rice hulls.

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“…The char content of the bio-oil was only 0.4 wt. % [11]. The properties of the obtained bio-oil were compared with the commercial diesel oil.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rice Hulls as a Renewable Complex Material Resource

et al. 2018

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“…In the emulsification process of bio-oil in diesel, the dispersed bio-oil formed the water phase while diesel fuel formed a true oil phase [96]. For the effective emulsification of bio-oil with diesel, the percentage of bio-oil, diesel, and surfactant was found best in the range of 10-50%, 50-90%, and 1-10%, respectively [97,98]. The emulsification process improves the heating value, pH, and stability of bio-oil [98].…”

Section: External Energy Source For Agitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, to improve the stability of emulsified bio- The two or more emulsifiers can also be blended to obtain the best HLB value for the effective emulsification process but sometimes the combination of two different emulsifiers is not a decent option due to the thermal stability differences [105]. Another application of emulsified bio-oil is lubrication and the lubrication ability of the emulsion is can be increased with increasing the critical content of bio-oil in emulsion [97].…”

Section: External Energy Source For Agitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An overview of recent development in bio-oil upgrading and separation techniques

Panwar

Paul

2020

Environmental Engineering Research

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Bio-oil produced from the fast pyrolysis/hydrothermal liquefaction is gaining popularity worldwide as the forerunner to replace fossil fuel. The bio-oil can be produced from agricultural waste, forest residue, and urban organic waste. It is also called pyrolysis oil, renewable fuel, and has the potential to be used as fuel in many applications. The application of bio-oil as transportation fuel helps to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases and to keep up the ecological balance. The bio-oil has the heating value of nearly half of the diesel fuel i.e. 16-19 MJ/kg; but, the inferior properties such as high water content, high viscosity, low pH, and poor stability hinder bio-oil application as a fuel. Thus, this paper provides a detailed review of bio-oil properties, its limitations and focuses on the recent development of different upgrading and separation techniques, used to date for the improvement of the bio-oil quality. Furthermore, the advantages and disadvantages of each upgrading method along with the application and environmental impact of bio-oil are also discussed in this article.

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“…Bio-oils derived from the pyrolysis of biomass or Fischer-Tropsch processes are considered as one of the major future renewable energy sources [1][2][3][4]. The study of the thermo-mechanical and physical properties of bio-oil, biodiesel, and other liquid bio-oils is therefore very important for obtaining the fundamental characteristics of bio-oil combustion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on Electrostatical Breakup of Bio-Oil Droplets

2012

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Abstract:In electrostatic atomization, the input electrical energy causes breaking up of the droplet surface by utilizing a mutual repulsion of net charges accumulating on that surface. In this work a number of key parameters controlling the bio-oil droplet breakup process are identified and these correlations among the droplet size distribution, specific charges of droplets and externally applied electrical voltages are quantified. Theoretical considerations of the bag or strip breakup mechanism of biodiesel droplets experiencing electrostatic potential are compared to experimental outcomes. The theoretical analysis suggests the droplet breakup process is governed by the Rayleigh instability condition, which reveals the effects of droplets size, specific charge, surface tension force, and droplet velocities. Experiments confirm that the average droplet diameters decrease with increasing specific charges and this decreasing tendency is non-monotonic due to the motion of satellite drops in the non-uniform electrical field. The measured specific charges are found to be smaller than the theoretical values. And the energy transformation from the electrical energy to surface energy, in addition to the energy loss, Taylor instability breakup, non-excess polarization and some system errors, accounts for this discrepancy. The electrostatic force is the dominant factor controlling the mechanism of biodiesel breakup in electrostatic atomization.

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Lubrication Properties of Bio-Oil and Its Emulsions with Diesel Oil

Cited by 31 publications

References 21 publications

Rice Hulls as a Renewable Complex Material Resource

Rice Hulls as a Renewable Complex Material Resource

An overview of recent development in bio-oil upgrading and separation techniques

Investigation on Electrostatical Breakup of Bio-Oil Droplets

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