Lubricant properties of biodegradable rubber tree seed (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg) oil

Friction and wear behavior of karanja oil derived biolubricant base oil

“…According to Aravind et al [10], the CoF values for vegetable oils range from 0.06 to 0.09 and according to Habibullah et al [16], the CoF values for lubricants range from 0.05 to 0.14 for wide automotive applications. In present study, the CoF for synthesized KOTMPE at 40 kg load is lowest among all the lubricants tested and even less than the lower limit mentioned in available literature.…”

“…Aravind et al [10] mentioned the WSD range for commodity oils as 0.51-0.87 mm. WSD data in Table 3 show that the synthesized KOTMPE has the lowest WSDs among all the vegetable oils and their derived biolubricants and the values are comparable to that of commercial mineral lubricants SAE 20W-50 and SAE 40.…”

“…Vegetable oil-based lubricant formulations are becoming increasingly popular not only because of severe environmental concerns associated with use of conventional mineral oil-based lubricants [9], but also due to excellent lubricating properties of the former ones. Vegetable oilbased lubricants possess numerous desirable properties typically required in a high performance lubricant such as high viscosity index, elevated flash and fire point, low volatility and vapor pressure, and high lubricity leading to good anti-wear and friction reducing character [10]. The environmentally generous properties are accelerated biodegradability, recyclability, and low toxicity [11].…”

“…Studies have been undertaken to investigate the friction and wear properties of avocado oil [29], Calophyllum inophyllum oil [16], canola (rapeseed) oil [17,25,29,[36][37][38], coconut oil [26], corn oil [29], cotton seed oil [30], jatropha oil [13, 19-24, 31, 39], jojoba oil [12], Lunaria annua oil [40], olive oil [29], palm oil [6,15,18,22,28,34,41], peanut oil [25,29], rice bran oil [14], rubber tree seed oil [10,32], safflower oil [12,29], sesame oil [29], soybean oil [25,29,33,[42][43][44], and sunflower oil [27,43,45,46], or their chemically modified derivatives. Friction and wear behaviors of direct fatty acids derived synthetic esters have also been examined for their potential application as alternate lubricants [4,35,47,48].…”

Analysis of Viscosity-Temperature Behaviour of Karanja Oil Trimethylolpropane Ester Bio-lubricant Base Stock

“…These oils may be used without any chemical modification or may be blended with petroleum lube oil base stocks or additives or may be chemically modified via esterification, transesterification, epoxidation and hydrolysis routes. The major vegetable oils analyzed for biolubricant applications include castor oil [5], canola oil [6], soybean oil [7], sunflower oil [8], palm oil [9], Jatropha curcas oil [10], rapeseed oil [11], rubber seed oil [12], etc. Since the edible vegetable oils are more important for human civilization as key source of nutrition, the bio-lubricant research has gradually shifted to non-edible vegetable oils such as karanja, linseed, tobacco, waste cooking oil [13], algae oil and microalgae [14] and animal fats.…”