&lt;title&gt;Synchronization-insensitive video watermarking using structured noise pattern&lt;/title&gt;

Setyawan, Iwan; Kakes, Geerd; Lagendijk, Reginald L.

doi:10.1117/12.465306

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Other embedding methods include multiplicative embedding [91] and quantization embedding [92], [93]. The watermark may be inserted directly in the spatial domain (i.e., the pixels of the video) [94]- [96] or after the video has been transformed. Common transformations include the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) [97], [98], discrete cosine transform (DCT) [90], [99]- [102], and wavelet transforms (WT) [90], [98], [103], [104].…”

Section: B Watermarkingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3) Despite the considerable effort that has been spent on developing robust watermarks for digital video, the robustness and security of current watermarking techniques may not be sufficient for some DRM applications. Removal attacks [10], [131], [132] and spatial and temporal synchronization attacks [94]- [97], [99], [133]- [140] remain challenging for watermark detection. Current methods for devising anti-collusion watermarks [141]- [144] for content tracking are vulnerable to collusion attacks from a party consisting of a relatively low number of conspirators.…”

Section: ) Selective Encryption Techniques Have Drawbacks Thatmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances in Digital Video Content Protection

et al. 2005

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Section: B Watermarkingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ) Selective Encryption Techniques Have Drawbacks Thatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Digital Video Content Protection

et al. 2005

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“…However, it may be difficult to find a transformation with invariance under some forms of attack, such as nonuniform scaling and spatial and temporal cropping. A similar approach is to design the watermark to be less sensitive to synchronization [30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<title>Temporal synchronization in video watermarking</title>

Lin

Delp

2002

SPIE Proceedings

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Abstract-One of the challenges for blind watermark detection is synchronization. Synchronization is the process of identifying the coordinates of an embedded watermark and is crucial in successful watermark detection. If the detector's input is watermarked but synchronization fails, then the embedded watermark will not be detected. In this paper, temporal synchronization for blind video watermark detection is examined by developing new models for watermark embedding and detection. The structure of the watermark, and specifically its key schedule, dramatically affects the ease of synchronization. The new embedder models the construction of the watermark by using a state machine key generator. The key generator can produce time-invariant, time-independent, and time-periodic key schedules as special cases. The watermark detector uses a queue and a state predictor to perform a search to establish and maintain temporal synchronization. These models are general and can be applied to many symmetric blind video watermarking techniques. It is shown that a watermark without temporal redundancy in its key schedule is vulnerable to attacks such as frame dropping and transposition. Using the models, a watermark more resilient against temporal synchronization attacks is designed by adding temporal redundancy in the watermark construction. Experimental results from an implementation of the models are presented.

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“…al (2) . For still images, one branch of countermeasure research attempts to develop better image-watermarking techniques that are robust against different types of geometrical transforms (3,4) . A complementary branch of countermeasures focuses on inverting the geometrical transform prior to watermark detection, to avoid confusion of the watermark detector.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hiding correlation-based watermark templates using secret modulation

2004

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A possible solution to the difficult problem of geometrical distortion of watermarked images in a blind watermarking scenario is to use a template grid in the autocorrelation function. However, the important drawback of this method is that the watermark itself can be estimated and subtracted, or the peaks in the Fourier magnitude spectrum can be removed. A recently proposed solution is to modulate the watermark with a pattern derived from the image content and a secret key. This effectively hides the watermark pattern, making malicious attacks much more difficult. However, the algorithm to compute the modulation pattern is computationally intensive. We propose an efficient implementation, using frequency domain filtering, to make this hiding method more practical. Furthermore, we evaluate the performance of different kinds of modulation patterns. We present experimental results showing the influence of template hiding on detection and payload extraction performance. The results also show that modulating the ACF based watermark improves detection performance when the modulation signal can be retrieved sufficiently accurately. Modulation signals with small average periods between zero crossings provide the most watermark detection improvement. Using these signals, the detector can also make the most errors in retrieving the modulation signal until the detection performance drops below the performance of the watermarking method without modulation.

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<title>Synchronization-insensitive video watermarking using structured noise pattern</title>

Cited by 12 publications

References 8 publications

Advances in Digital Video Content Protection

Advances in Digital Video Content Protection

<title>Temporal synchronization in video watermarking</title>

Hiding correlation-based watermark templates using secret modulation

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