Abstract. The sphere is well understood manifold, as is the basis of spherical harmonics for functions thereof. A stereographic projection of the sphere realizes the Maxwell fish-eye, an optical medium whose refractive index distribution is such that light rays travel in circles. Definite angular momentum on the sphere corresponds with monochromatic light in the fish-eye. A contraction of these manifolds (as the radius of the sphere grows without bound) results in a plane medium of wave functions subject to the Helmholtz equation. In the latter, there is the continuous basis of 'momenta' (plane waves) and a denumerably infinite basis of 'positions' and 'normal derivatives' (Bessel ∼ J0(x) and ∼ J1(x)/x functions) for the Hilbert space of these wavefields. We present the pre-contraction of these bases to the finite-dimensional systems of fish-eye medium and the sphere. The 'momentum' basis is a subset of Sherman-Volobuyev functions; in this paper we propose new 'position' and 'normal derivative' bases for this finite system. The bases are not orthogonal, so their measure is non-local, and here we find their dual bases.1. The harmonic basis on the sphere Phase space is a concept created in classical mechanics that applies as well in geometric optics [1]. In quantum mechanics and in wave optics, there are several approaches to phase space through the definition of the Wigner [2] and Wigner-like [3] quasidistribution functions. Those that follow Wigner's original formulation hinge on the Heisenberg-Weyl algebra of noncommuting operators of position and momentum; other formulations also rely on a supporting Lie algebra [4].In this work we start on a different path, based on the monochromatic Maxwell fish-eye wave-optical system, presenting what appear to be the natural wavefields of definite momentum and position. Since this system is a stereographic projection of the sphere on a plane or higherdimensional flat manifold [5,6,7,8,9,10,11],[12, Sect. 6.4], the analysis remits us to the sphere, treated as in angular momentum theory through the well-known spherical harmonics, whose relevant properties are recalled in Sect. 2, while the link to the fish-eye model is summarized in Sect. 3. In our case we have not a continuous, but a finite system, i.e., the Hilbert space of wavefields for which we provide the bases is finite-dimensional.The basis of functions of 'most definite momentum' are known as the Sherman-Volobuyev functions, of which we need only a finite number for fixed angular momentum in Sect. 4, because they correspond to monochromatic wavefields in the optical model. The basis of 'most definite position' presented in Sect. 5 actually involves two sub-bases, of positions and of normal